1 00:00:05,270 --> 00:00:12,170 So I'm Simon Andrews, I'm executive director of Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd here in Glasgow. 2 00:00:12,170 --> 00:00:19,490 Thank you very much, Oxford. Great Summit. Thoroughly enjoyed the discussions and thanks to everyone and my group, it was great. 3 00:00:19,490 --> 00:00:23,720 We said go big and go bold. That's what has to be done. 4 00:00:23,720 --> 00:00:31,790 The UK is looking at taking R&D spending up to two point four percent of GDP, and that's a really, 5 00:00:31,790 --> 00:00:36,800 really significant change and that has to be done with a great attitude towards risk. 6 00:00:36,800 --> 00:00:41,540 We have to set big goals, big visions and then look at funding things properly. 7 00:00:41,540 --> 00:00:45,830 That's what our group said. We spend a little more detail. 8 00:00:45,830 --> 00:00:51,620 We're looking at some of the barriers to the way universities operate and and industry, 9 00:00:51,620 --> 00:00:56,720 and we need to be getting the rewards and the incentive incentives right for everyone. 10 00:00:56,720 --> 00:01:05,750 We touched on an economic development view that universities and industry should have a focus not just on the R&D, 11 00:01:05,750 --> 00:01:11,090 but also in the skills and pulling everything together along with colleges. 12 00:01:11,090 --> 00:01:15,920 We talked quite a bit about skills and training meets the difficulty of training at scale. 13 00:01:15,920 --> 00:01:22,070 Who ought to do that? And really, we have to apply all the resources to make that happen. 14 00:01:22,070 --> 00:01:29,750 At risk was another very strong theme for us and bold leadership leadership's attitude to risk, 15 00:01:29,750 --> 00:01:34,970 and that starts with government and includes the research councils UK awry, 16 00:01:34,970 --> 00:01:45,140 as well as individual institutions and companies having that relative willingness to take risk to accept failure to look for really disruptive change. 17 00:01:45,140 --> 00:01:53,990 I think that's a cultural aspect that's really strong there accepting failure, failing fast, failing often at things we've had before. 18 00:01:53,990 --> 00:01:56,720 There are some models to inspire us there. 19 00:01:56,720 --> 00:02:05,360 Eh'tai and space communities really got together and set a big, bold, clear visions and got the funding end to achieve those goals. 20 00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:11,540 ARIA that's coming through in the UK, copying us that darker Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 21 00:02:11,540 --> 00:02:22,710 where individual researchers are given five years and a lot of money to pursue boldly with with no admin to to hold them back. 22 00:02:22,710 --> 00:02:26,360 Universities are maybe an opportunity to create special environments. 23 00:02:26,360 --> 00:02:30,920 I think Phil touched on impact engineers, which reminded me of my own organisation. 24 00:02:30,920 --> 00:02:35,390 Sometimes you can bolt a drone hopper onto university to do some of this stuff. 25 00:02:35,390 --> 00:02:41,120 Quick idea out there. And then we looked at the people that are coming through the undergraduates. 26 00:02:41,120 --> 00:02:46,850 Some people felt that just not aware of industry or the opportunities and the challenges are we need more mavericks, 27 00:02:46,850 --> 00:02:53,150 be the undergrads, not just to be taught to it, but to encourage misbehaviours to encourage challenge. 28 00:02:53,150 --> 00:02:58,850 Our big ask for government, I think, is in that leadership and being bold and accepting failure. 29 00:02:58,850 --> 00:03:03,980 We also recommend to government that Ukraine needs to be genuinely joined up across 30 00:03:03,980 --> 00:03:09,620 disciplines across the different councils and be really willing to back when I take risks, 31 00:03:09,620 --> 00:03:17,330 bank bold visions and not be subjected from by government to micromanagement and over reporting. 32 00:03:17,330 --> 00:03:24,320 So that's a quick, a quick rattle through a great discussion, but I think a big message is go big and go bold. 33 00:03:24,320 --> 00:03:33,680 Hello, everyone. The game's my my name is Marina Bulova. I am from Schlumberger Company, which is developing technologies for energy sector. 34 00:03:33,680 --> 00:03:41,870 So we had very good discussions within our group and I would like to share some of our conclusions and findings. 35 00:03:41,870 --> 00:03:54,290 I will probably list five of them, so we will start first one to address the high risk projects which are usually not supported by government. 36 00:03:54,290 --> 00:03:58,370 We would like to suggest to consider that option off the government Kickstarters. 37 00:03:58,370 --> 00:04:01,700 So basically the government will buy something which is not created yet, 38 00:04:01,700 --> 00:04:09,620 and great examples of these are coming from COVID pandemic when the government invested into their non-existent vaccines. 39 00:04:09,620 --> 00:04:15,320 So they pre-purchase of vaccines and they also be paid for the tests. 40 00:04:15,320 --> 00:04:20,750 And another example is the private sector achievements in the space industry. 41 00:04:20,750 --> 00:04:28,760 So that goes well very well, so government might see more into those types of activities. 42 00:04:28,760 --> 00:04:34,700 Another suggestion is that the technology development should be done when we are 43 00:04:34,700 --> 00:04:39,560 looking into the full value chain right into the full lifecycle of the technology, 44 00:04:39,560 --> 00:04:49,130 not only of the form of space technologies, but also what happens with the raw materials which comes into the creation of this technology 45 00:04:49,130 --> 00:04:54,110 and what will happen with the disposal of this technology when it is not utilised. 46 00:04:54,110 --> 00:05:04,280 So that's important as well. Also to to create a common platform for everyone to share their knowledge and ideas. 47 00:05:04,280 --> 00:05:11,230 It's. It would be good to use the common language, which is introduced by United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. 48 00:05:11,230 --> 00:05:15,910 I believe everyone is familiar with those the 17 sustainable goals. 49 00:05:15,910 --> 00:05:20,320 So if we can categorise all the technologies of all the projects, 50 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:29,520 according to those 17 Sustainable Development Goals, it will be easier for us to feed the technology development. 51 00:05:29,520 --> 00:05:38,910 At the same time, we still think that government should continue to support long term fundamental research, which is which we need right, 52 00:05:38,910 --> 00:05:46,710 and all the sciences to drive the innovations for this so we shouldn't destroy what works already very well. 53 00:05:46,710 --> 00:05:50,760 And final thing I would like to bring from from my company. 54 00:05:50,760 --> 00:06:01,560 So we just finished the exercise for calculating our own carbon footprint inventory. 55 00:06:01,560 --> 00:06:07,020 And we did this across all those three scopes of the national scope two and three. 56 00:06:07,020 --> 00:06:10,800 And that really all of us, right? 57 00:06:10,800 --> 00:06:15,630 Because very often people are driven by a perception that, OK, 58 00:06:15,630 --> 00:06:22,320 let's switch from that diesel cars to the electrical ones and we will solve the climate change problem. 59 00:06:22,320 --> 00:06:23,380 It's not the case, right? 60 00:06:23,380 --> 00:06:34,410 So what we found out that our hotspots in the emissions in the virtual space is that this is not pretty much the diesel consumption of lithium now. 61 00:06:34,410 --> 00:06:36,240 So just just to give you an example, 62 00:06:36,240 --> 00:06:47,190 from our total carbon footprint of 55 million CO2 equivalent to 50 55 million tons of CO2 equivalent only one million tonne, 63 00:06:47,190 --> 00:06:51,210 this comment from this one, which is the fuel consumption. 64 00:06:51,210 --> 00:06:53,490 The rest is coming from this three. 65 00:06:53,490 --> 00:07:01,860 And this is where we need to work, and this is where organisations and universities need to look and understand where, 66 00:07:01,860 --> 00:07:10,080 where the contribution of emissions is coming from the full value chain. So understanding of the supply of the proper methodology is very critical. 67 00:07:10,080 --> 00:07:16,880 So that will be probably my final point. Thank you for great discussion for the great event. 68 00:07:16,880 --> 00:07:22,730 Thank you, Marina, I'll carry on next time. Simon Hepworth, I'm director of enterprise at Imperial College London. 69 00:07:22,730 --> 00:07:32,540 We had a fantastic conversation. We sold the world many times and we did so using five key principles are the first one we were thinking 70 00:07:32,540 --> 00:07:42,410 about Kobe and how we all focussed on one direction and how do we achieve that for sustainability generally. 71 00:07:42,410 --> 00:07:50,900 And the feeling was that could we incorporate communities more in the decision making that made around major funding and initiatives? 72 00:07:50,900 --> 00:07:58,190 So we thought about the kind of community activism we've seen to influence agendas of large 73 00:07:58,190 --> 00:08:04,250 companies and there that's a very positive thing and that is creating the feeling to act now. 74 00:08:04,250 --> 00:08:10,490 So what can we do more to include more communities in our decision making? 75 00:08:10,490 --> 00:08:13,190 And certainly universities, certainly at Imperial, 76 00:08:13,190 --> 00:08:21,810 we've had great success during COVID in terms of engaging students in our decision making on on aspects that affect their experience. 77 00:08:21,810 --> 00:08:31,370 So how can we augment that model? We talked quite a bit about porosity, and we actually have a very good example. 78 00:08:31,370 --> 00:08:36,140 It was put forward by Greg King from Georgia Tech, which was a joint employment agreement. 79 00:08:36,140 --> 00:08:44,510 So this gets over the issue of a scientist or engineer needing to reside in either a university or a company. 80 00:08:44,510 --> 00:08:48,430 The fact that they could be in both at the same time. 81 00:08:48,430 --> 00:08:58,850 That's certainly not something that I've seen at Imperial, so I think that's a best practise that we will look at as a model. 82 00:08:58,850 --> 00:09:03,740 On funding, we had a good debate around what is the best way to fund projects, 83 00:09:03,740 --> 00:09:11,390 and there was a view there that perhaps we should be better funding fewer, bigger initiatives. 84 00:09:11,390 --> 00:09:17,000 And we had that view from RCA and the way that it performed. 85 00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:20,480 But it was also a big question about just how do you decide then which of those 86 00:09:20,480 --> 00:09:25,080 initiatives you are going to fund and just on what basis do you make that decision? 87 00:09:25,080 --> 00:09:28,010 So it's not an easy thing to do, 88 00:09:28,010 --> 00:09:34,850 but there is a feeling at the moment that too few projects are funded and that quite a few of them compete with one another. 89 00:09:34,850 --> 00:09:44,380 So we haven't really got the collaboration that we would need to fix things in the fastest way. 90 00:09:44,380 --> 00:09:47,210 I got brought up a very good point around permission to pause, 91 00:09:47,210 --> 00:09:54,130 so one of the great things about COVID was when groups of people in their organisations said We've got a real opportunity here to make a difference, 92 00:09:54,130 --> 00:10:00,520 whether it be making PPE equipment, working on a ventilator, working on more complex initiatives. 93 00:10:00,520 --> 00:10:08,530 Everybody was given permission to drop what they were doing in their day jobs and go work on these projects and there was a great sense of well-being. 94 00:10:08,530 --> 00:10:12,770 Well, at least be able to do something about the pandemic through those initiatives. 95 00:10:12,770 --> 00:10:21,110 The key question is how do we achieve that same kind of permission to work on projects related to sustainability? 96 00:10:21,110 --> 00:10:25,240 How how do we get to the point where employers, governments, 97 00:10:25,240 --> 00:10:35,950 universities feel that that people can go work on those types of projects and use their time to effectively? 98 00:10:35,950 --> 00:10:40,600 I think I will stop there, I think one final point, Robert. 99 00:10:40,600 --> 00:10:49,460 I think inspired us all with his adoption of Formula One racing engineering techniques to drive academic research. 100 00:10:49,460 --> 00:10:56,840 For me, that's taking a lean Start-Up methodology in a way, so it's creating a minimum viable product and testing in your marketplace quickly. 101 00:10:56,840 --> 00:11:00,500 I think what everybody liked about that was you get a fast answer. 102 00:11:00,500 --> 00:11:07,520 So the question was should we review all research and development projects in that way? 103 00:11:07,520 --> 00:11:15,620 Should there be that kind of very early look? Is it actually achieving anything useful? 104 00:11:15,620 --> 00:11:22,100 We also had a debate at the end around. Is it a technology discovering problem or is it a technology scaling problem? 105 00:11:22,100 --> 00:11:27,530 So do we know all the technologies we need today? And is it just a case of working together to scale up? 106 00:11:27,530 --> 00:11:31,370 And again, I think the jury's out on that one. I will leave it there. 107 00:11:31,370 --> 00:11:39,930 Thank you. Hi, I'm mineral safe, I'm the energy partnerships manager at Cambridge University, similar to the previous group, 108 00:11:39,930 --> 00:11:44,880 our group compared the situation to COVID because much like climate change, 109 00:11:44,880 --> 00:11:48,750 it's in all of us problem and everyone pulled in together to achieve a solution. 110 00:11:48,750 --> 00:11:55,800 But our group felt like there was more potential for cooperation because there was still a bit of competition, 111 00:11:55,800 --> 00:12:08,160 not as much cooperation as there could have been. One thing our group missed was the role of societal behaviour, which we felt is critical. 112 00:12:08,160 --> 00:12:15,540 We need to better understand how to implement societal behaviour, so we need the perspective of social scientists, 113 00:12:15,540 --> 00:12:21,060 partly to help change it, but also to plan for the impact of those changes. 114 00:12:21,060 --> 00:12:27,150 So in general, this feeds into the idea that we need more of a holistic view. 115 00:12:27,150 --> 00:12:32,340 And maybe part of the problem is that society is informed by government who 116 00:12:32,340 --> 00:12:37,110 has a shorter timescale based on perhaps election cycles than we would like. 117 00:12:37,110 --> 00:12:46,440 So perhaps we need a bit more information from from industry and academia who will have a longer term view and more of a holistic vision. 118 00:12:46,440 --> 00:12:51,540 We recognise that everyone's efforts are needed, including the media and philanthropist, 119 00:12:51,540 --> 00:12:56,670 philanthropists and entrepreneurs, and we really need everyone to kind of pull together. 120 00:12:56,670 --> 00:13:04,200 We need governments to work together as well because this is a problem that goes above an individual government. 121 00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:08,010 We have a strong need to plan the education of the future. 122 00:13:08,010 --> 00:13:17,280 So what's the future workforce going to look like? We need to start factoring that into early stage education now is quite urgent. 123 00:13:17,280 --> 00:13:21,990 On the question of what do we want from government had three things one, 124 00:13:21,990 --> 00:13:25,920 to work with industry and academia and with each other more closely to keep the 125 00:13:25,920 --> 00:13:30,960 pressure on industry that that doesn't contribute to the transition or its more, 126 00:13:30,960 --> 00:13:39,390 and to make sure that the right economic incentives are introduced in the design of solutions. 127 00:13:39,390 --> 00:13:44,900 Those were the main things that I picked up. I think I'll stop there. Hand it back to you guys. 128 00:13:44,900 --> 00:13:54,820 Thank you. So thanks very much. 129 00:13:54,820 --> 00:13:56,590 Thanks very much to all of you. 130 00:13:56,590 --> 00:14:02,020 So the discussion these the rapporteurs to all the delegates who've contributed to the fantastic discussions in the breakouts. 131 00:14:02,020 --> 00:14:09,460 And for me, like this, the number of key messages coming out. I've got an interesting challenge now to bring it all too together into report 132 00:14:09,460 --> 00:14:13,660 and try and do justice to the rich discussions that we've had over that today, 133 00:14:13,660 --> 00:14:15,070 but also the last couple of days. 134 00:14:15,070 --> 00:14:22,930 And I think from today, just listening to the feedback groups, I think, you know, for me, societal change, how do we change behaviours and incentives? 135 00:14:22,930 --> 00:14:29,710 Go big, go bold, you know, how did governments create kick started to kick start new markets, role of procurement in that? 136 00:14:29,710 --> 00:14:37,150 And the one that I really found interesting and important was how do we better include communities 137 00:14:37,150 --> 00:14:42,340 in our work to try and create that sense of common purpose that might drive change as well? 138 00:14:42,340 --> 00:14:54,336 So with that, I thank you very much for our session. I'll hand over to fill and and then say, thank you very much.