1 00:00:03,000 --> 00:00:29,420 For. So welcome, everyone, to the fourth series of the trip to Seminole and our office to the full series. 2 00:00:30,380 --> 00:00:35,000 And we're very happy today to have Professor Solomon Hackley, 3 00:00:35,450 --> 00:00:40,940 who's an associate professor of Asian studies and religious studies at the University of Massachusetts in Boston. 4 00:00:41,950 --> 00:00:47,379 He completed an interdisciplinary liberal arts degree at Goddard College in 1998 and 5 00:00:47,380 --> 00:00:51,190 then studied in theology and religious studies at the University of Pennsylvania. 6 00:00:52,000 --> 00:01:00,040 His doctoral thesis on the Brahma, Yamuna and Shobha Yoga anecdotes was completed in 2007 under the direction of Noga Isaacson. 7 00:01:00,610 --> 00:01:06,310 After which he taught at Concordia University, Montreal, from 2007 to 2015. 8 00:01:07,270 --> 00:01:11,500 His research mainly concerns early tantric societies of goddess cults and yoga. 9 00:01:11,950 --> 00:01:16,960 Recent publications include the Brahma Yongle and Controlled Picchu Matter Volume one, 10 00:01:17,110 --> 00:01:24,070 chapters 1 to 2, 39 to 40 and 83 Revelation Ritual and Material Culture in an early sober Tantra. 11 00:01:24,880 --> 00:01:31,090 Currently, other projects include a monograph on the figure of the yoga in early medieval India and critical 12 00:01:31,090 --> 00:01:36,130 editions and studies of the Brahma Young will debut Piranha and the CoLab on a new NAIA. 13 00:01:36,640 --> 00:01:41,230 So Shaman, thank you very much for coming and over to your. 14 00:01:42,190 --> 00:01:45,820 Thank you. Thank you for that kind introduction and for inviting me. 15 00:01:46,240 --> 00:01:54,460 I'm sorry I had to postpone the talk once, but I'm very pleased that it worked out that I'm able to be with all of you today. 16 00:01:55,720 --> 00:02:03,550 So the topic of my paper is what I'm calling lineage teachings, some tradition in tantric Shi'ism. 17 00:02:05,350 --> 00:02:08,720 And I do have a paper which I'll read. 18 00:02:08,740 --> 00:02:12,400 I hope it doesn't become too, too tedious that way. 19 00:02:13,600 --> 00:02:18,940 So month, month in America or tantric activism envisions the Supreme Deity Shiva, 20 00:02:19,330 --> 00:02:26,400 as the ultimate source of tantric scriptural revelation, whose essence is mantra scriptures of eternal. 21 00:02:26,590 --> 00:02:33,580 Its descent into the world mirrors the creation of the universe revelation as a process of emanation 22 00:02:33,880 --> 00:02:40,390 that begins with the undifferentiated sonic essence of Scripture and culminates in a linguistic form. 23 00:02:41,810 --> 00:02:45,290 The tantrums and all their profusion and cultic diversity. 24 00:02:46,190 --> 00:02:52,730 In fact, not only the tantrums, but all revelation has Sheva as its source, including the Vedas, and in some accounts, 25 00:02:53,960 --> 00:03:05,720 shockingly even Buddhist and Jain Scripture is the prototype for this model of revelation as found first in the Nisswa letters on guitar. 26 00:03:06,170 --> 00:03:14,479 The oldest of what came to be called the sad, the Tundras that is Scriptures of the Shiva, Saturn and its classical form. 27 00:03:14,480 --> 00:03:20,210 This model has the five faces of Sundar Shiva reveal five streams of the Shiva revelation. 28 00:03:20,900 --> 00:03:26,750 The Shiva Vedanta from the upper face and four subsidiary streams Obama considers. 29 00:03:27,680 --> 00:03:32,390 Oh, you did well. Could you could you meet, please, whoever you are? 30 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:43,860 The five streams of Revelation, the Shiva Santa and the vomit and focussed on tomorrow in the four systems, 31 00:03:44,400 --> 00:03:49,080 both at Hunters and Goddard at Hunters went representing two branches of what some 32 00:03:49,080 --> 00:03:53,790 people call tantric medicine and the more ritually transgressive part of it hunters. 33 00:03:54,660 --> 00:03:56,670 So that Shiva, whose body is mantra, 34 00:03:57,120 --> 00:04:04,739 bridges the absolutely transcendent niche colour shiva and the imminent sacrilege Shiva of many names, the Shiva of mythology. 35 00:04:04,740 --> 00:04:10,890 And this diagram simply shows the five faces of Siddharth Shiva and grammatically, 36 00:04:11,190 --> 00:04:15,150 and the five streams of revelation envisioned as emerging from these. 37 00:04:16,540 --> 00:04:19,870 So the early part of a tantrum is include the so-called mantra, 38 00:04:20,050 --> 00:04:25,160 that revelation dedicated to various forms of Padova, as well as tendrils of the video. 39 00:04:25,420 --> 00:04:30,550 To the latter, at least in cultic terms, are short for goddess oriented. 40 00:04:31,360 --> 00:04:37,180 The supreme deity is a goddess such as Kali or divine couple forms of power and patriarchy. 41 00:04:37,930 --> 00:04:39,549 These shock, though, are goddess oriented. 42 00:04:39,550 --> 00:04:49,390 Tantric sources not only inherited a model of revelation centred upon the male deities that are Shiva, but also a cosmology emphasising male deities, 43 00:04:49,990 --> 00:04:59,110 various mantras fetters and redress who preside over the hierarchy of object principles, settlers and worlds that constitute creation. 44 00:05:00,640 --> 00:05:05,020 One of the questions that has long engaged my attention is the manner in which the 45 00:05:05,020 --> 00:05:10,660 architecture tundras reconceptualize this private cosmological vision and model of revelation. 46 00:05:11,720 --> 00:05:20,000 Today I am concerned with a small slice of this topic, namely some of the ways in which goddesses came to be viewed as sources of tantric revelation. 47 00:05:20,660 --> 00:05:26,180 This is a work of progress. Work in progress, and your suggestions will be very much appreciated. 48 00:05:29,120 --> 00:05:36,799 The baby Arpita tantrums and the koala revelation that followed placed emphasis upon the figure of the yogi or Yogi. 49 00:05:36,800 --> 00:05:41,480 Sweetie. This is a goddess typology shared with Vajrayana Buddhism, as you know. 50 00:05:42,080 --> 00:05:48,890 And let me also note that while Yogi and Dockerty are more or less synonymous in Vajrayana traditions, 51 00:05:49,250 --> 00:05:55,250 this is not the case in Shi'ism, which is why I restrict myself here to the category name Yogi. 52 00:05:56,630 --> 00:06:01,990 In the video Peter by David hundreds the organiser deities of great power and potential danger. 53 00:06:03,630 --> 00:06:13,860 Characterised by qualities such as having animal faces, the power of flight, appearance and groups and organisation, and to clans or colours. 54 00:06:14,990 --> 00:06:22,040 These clans are usually headed by goddesses known as the Ultimate threes, the eight mothers or eight mother goddesses. 55 00:06:23,740 --> 00:06:28,570 Integral to the category you're gaining is its blurring of boundaries between the divine and human. 56 00:06:29,050 --> 00:06:35,110 For this category of goddess represents a state of being. Female initiates could attain spiritual perfection. 57 00:06:36,270 --> 00:06:42,270 The tantric practitioner exotica usually represented as male visionary power. 58 00:06:42,270 --> 00:06:47,670 Bestowing encounters with yoga is called may or may lap a rendezvous or encounter. 59 00:06:49,500 --> 00:06:55,350 Such encounters are arguably arguably the principal ritual aim and VBA systems, 60 00:06:56,340 --> 00:07:02,010 leading to extraordinary powers at the even to apotheosis as part of himself. 61 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:09,160 More relevant for my topic today is that these encounters could entail yoga knees imparting esoteric knowledge. 62 00:07:11,370 --> 00:07:20,340 So yoga is presented as guardians of Tantric revelation and in some cases as agents in its transmission and the former role. 63 00:07:20,910 --> 00:07:28,830 They are powerful and potentially dangerous guardians of esoteric tantric teachings, even enforcers of initiative secrecy. 64 00:07:29,790 --> 00:07:35,340 So they have this function as as enforcers of tantric secrecy already in the be nashieqa tantra, 65 00:07:35,850 --> 00:07:41,820 which is the only scripture of the archaic leftward stream of scriptures that's seems to survive intact. 66 00:07:42,630 --> 00:07:46,830 Here we find the following warning, and I'll just read the English translations. 67 00:07:46,830 --> 00:07:51,720 I've included the Sanskrit in most of the slides. Also, there may be points worth discussing. 68 00:07:53,370 --> 00:07:56,820 Those who take up mantras on their own non-believers. 69 00:07:57,120 --> 00:08:00,720 Critics of the venue. The Breakers of the initiative pledges. 70 00:08:01,170 --> 00:08:07,650 Desert craters of the Tundras. Those intent on harming the gurus and those who violate the essence of the countries. 71 00:08:08,370 --> 00:08:14,850 They are called Carmelo a violators of karma and are always destroyed by I organise. 72 00:08:17,280 --> 00:08:24,959 The creativity of adding up depicts the danger of yoga and even more ominously saying he hoped would 73 00:08:24,960 --> 00:08:31,200 reveal this ultimate scripture to just anyone as rapidly devoured by yoga any as by Shiva's command. 74 00:08:32,740 --> 00:08:36,790 These warnings echo the dangers that yoga needs and related female beings, 75 00:08:37,030 --> 00:08:44,140 such as shocking these present in the context of cremation ground rituals where lapses or cowardice can prove fatal. 76 00:08:46,640 --> 00:08:50,600 Yoga teams play a different kind of role in the revelation narrative of Birmingham, Ala. 77 00:08:50,930 --> 00:08:56,690 One of the oldest surviving video, Peter Tundras, perhaps of the late seventh or early eighth century. 78 00:08:57,650 --> 00:09:04,040 This narrates the descent of Scripture into the world and follows its vicissitudes over multiple cosmic cycles, 79 00:09:04,550 --> 00:09:07,520 culminating with the transmission of the Birmingham, Ala. Itself. 80 00:09:08,650 --> 00:09:15,940 Here are Your Guineas future and the final stage of Revelation at the end of the Kali Yoga impelled by the Supreme Shuck 81 00:09:15,940 --> 00:09:22,690 the snatch away whatever vestiges of Scripture remain in the world and withdraw these into their original source. 82 00:09:23,080 --> 00:09:26,320 The shark teeth that were at the apex of the cosmic hierarchy. 83 00:09:28,890 --> 00:09:34,799 The organisers, however, are also attributed positive roles in Revelation in the setting Yoga. 84 00:09:34,800 --> 00:09:42,180 Sorry, sorry matha for example, the alphabet or mantra com as identified as a goddess Rhodri or Rudresh Shakti, 85 00:09:42,780 --> 00:09:47,640 and as the primordial matrix of both mantras and tantric revelation. 86 00:09:48,700 --> 00:09:52,130 The alphabetical matrix is also called Yo Guinea mocha. 87 00:09:52,180 --> 00:09:59,680 You're going to through the mouth of the yo guinea. And in fact, this is likely the earliest occurrence of the term in the seventh eighth century. 88 00:10:02,080 --> 00:10:07,239 Later sources including works of the Kashmiri and non dualist chamber exegesis came 89 00:10:07,240 --> 00:10:12,050 to posit that the call of Revelation emerged from a sixth face of Sardar Shiva, 90 00:10:12,460 --> 00:10:24,640 identified with his Shukla or Power, the Goddess, either a transcendent upper face above the upper order toward Atma or a hidden lower face called, 91 00:10:24,640 --> 00:10:30,010 among other names, the netherworld face of the or the mouth of the organi. 92 00:10:30,950 --> 00:10:35,150 Your yoga teacher refers to Shiva's ultimate power, the goddess of many names, 93 00:10:35,480 --> 00:10:40,520 the source of myriad shock, these who pervade the cosmos and acting shimmers polished. 94 00:10:41,060 --> 00:10:45,080 In other words, the most esoteric shiver revelation, 95 00:10:45,500 --> 00:10:51,290 which is sharper in its cultic orientation and tends towards non dualism, thrives when the goddess. 96 00:10:54,670 --> 00:10:57,940 I turn now to the question that inspired the short paper. 97 00:10:58,910 --> 00:11:03,980 As I began to read Scheiber sources connected with Yoga organise for my doctoral thesis many years ago, 98 00:11:04,730 --> 00:11:09,170 I encountered several several variations on an ambiguous promise of reward. 99 00:11:11,160 --> 00:11:14,460 Here is one example again, from the Centennial gates where he met the. 100 00:11:16,410 --> 00:11:23,240 Good job, HAVERTY said about the mediation. But the Kong Sugar yoga says the pervert the the simpler times of in the tea. 101 00:11:24,630 --> 00:11:31,170 This. HARDAKER Aspiring to the state of paint of a Lord of heroes becomes revered in all respects. 102 00:11:32,040 --> 00:11:38,910 The powers of yoga commence for him and he discovers then that he the teachings of the lineage some prior. 103 00:11:41,240 --> 00:11:46,880 Here. This is a generic statement of reward for someone who guards the sanctity of the tantra and of the guru's. 104 00:11:47,860 --> 00:11:51,670 Elsewhere. It occurs in statements on the ultimate fruits of tantric ritual. 105 00:11:52,700 --> 00:11:56,720 The meaning of some paradigms of empathy is not readily transparent. 106 00:11:57,650 --> 00:12:07,700 The root did to know here conjugated in the third class likely means she or he finds or discovers, although learns, is also still possible. 107 00:12:08,780 --> 00:12:10,010 As for some pranayama, 108 00:12:10,040 --> 00:12:18,620 this familiar word generally means something along the lines of tradition or lineage in the sense of knowledge passed down through a lineage of gurus. 109 00:12:19,760 --> 00:12:24,350 We may for the moment provisionally interpret this as meaning teachings of the lineage. 110 00:12:24,590 --> 00:12:32,210 In other words, some paradigms of empathy seems to mean, and he discovers the lineage, teachings or teachings of the lineage. 111 00:12:33,850 --> 00:12:39,100 The very same phrase appears once elsewhere in the city room, at the Thrice in the Birmingham, Ala. 112 00:12:39,430 --> 00:12:49,659 And once in the Buddhist logo, Shambhala Tantra, which is Alexa Sanderson, demonstrates Jo directly drew directly on Shiva sources the love potion. 113 00:12:49,660 --> 00:12:53,319 But a 10th of a verse is almost identical to the city of excrement. 114 00:12:53,320 --> 00:12:55,690 The verse, although it's less intelligible. 115 00:12:59,200 --> 00:13:06,760 Some passages such as said the yoga Sorry mother 29.14 link receiving the somebody explicitly to your guineas. 116 00:13:09,630 --> 00:13:19,410 Not just read the translation. After six months ago, Guinea, born of the clan of Skanda Kartikeya or the Clan of Kumari Grant, 117 00:13:19,410 --> 00:13:24,600 Sydney, and pleased she bestows the sample diet that fulfils all wishes. 118 00:13:26,750 --> 00:13:29,450 This does little to clarify the content of some video, 119 00:13:29,990 --> 00:13:35,480 but the link it attests between yoga knees and the gift of some poor guy proves to be a recurring theme. 120 00:13:40,140 --> 00:13:43,799 The Maloney video throw Tantra at another tender. 121 00:13:43,800 --> 00:13:47,910 The trigger places this blessing in the context of Malacca. 122 00:13:48,060 --> 00:13:51,210 That is the rendezvous between a practitioner and yogi. 123 00:13:51,450 --> 00:14:02,100 Occurring is the fruition of ritual practice. The setting is typically a cremation ground or as here, a holy place, a P guitar, etc. 124 00:14:05,400 --> 00:14:14,930 Then they're in the sacred field. Sometimes the organism will arrive formidably powerful and bestow their respective lineage teachings. 125 00:14:15,410 --> 00:14:17,180 Simpler times welcome spoken. 126 00:14:18,800 --> 00:14:26,000 As soon as one attains these teachings of the lineage, one becomes equal to them in mind and partakes of whatever powers are desired. 127 00:14:28,770 --> 00:14:32,010 We learned from this that yoga needs possessed varied sympathies. 128 00:14:32,490 --> 00:14:40,350 We may also infer that these are differentiated according to closer or clan identities, identities which practitioners in fact also share. 129 00:14:40,860 --> 00:14:43,320 As established at the time of tantric initiation. 130 00:14:45,080 --> 00:14:52,159 Something similar is suggested by the phrasing and the picked up item at the Sara and I'll quote When two years are complete. 131 00:14:52,160 --> 00:14:56,420 Without a doubt, a yoga teacher teaches this topic to her own son Prior. 132 00:14:58,940 --> 00:15:03,649 We find confirmation for this idea and the tender, said Harbour, a slightly later video. 133 00:15:03,650 --> 00:15:08,390 Peter Tantra in the ninth century. And other sources as well. 134 00:15:10,090 --> 00:15:19,180 A verse in chapter 16 of this source clarifies that some are there as something yoga needs give only to initiates belonging to their own clans. 135 00:15:19,870 --> 00:15:23,350 In this case, the key word is a fragment of the divine. 136 00:15:23,800 --> 00:15:27,910 Effectively a synonym of Kula or clan. In this context, it makes. 137 00:15:29,140 --> 00:15:33,850 To quote, She bestows the lineage teachings to a hero of her own clan. 138 00:15:34,810 --> 00:15:38,320 For someone else. After three months, she speaks a blessing. 139 00:15:39,930 --> 00:15:49,680 Here somewhere dire. As one might expect, there's something confined to a lineage and in this case defined a lineage defined by initiate or kinship. 140 00:15:53,600 --> 00:15:58,880 I conclude this discussion by suggesting that, at least in the context of the sources in question, 141 00:15:59,210 --> 00:16:06,980 some paradigm means some paradigm or colleague or some dire teachings of a particular goddess clan. 142 00:16:08,480 --> 00:16:13,280 A passage from the said the agreement that again seems to confirm this interpretation. 143 00:16:17,000 --> 00:16:22,700 The saga causes yoga knees, divine yoga knees, the auspicious, auspicious Shiraz, 144 00:16:23,240 --> 00:16:28,430 the terrible Dominic has and davies and rather dorky knees and docking knees. 145 00:16:29,240 --> 00:16:33,350 They show him the rituals of their own respective clans as they truly are. 146 00:16:33,960 --> 00:16:36,680 Sorry. Some of these categories are not readily translatable. 147 00:16:37,070 --> 00:16:44,240 These are various categories of demi goddess or powerful female spirit beings or goddesses. 148 00:16:44,240 --> 00:16:50,049 The eternal spectrum of being. Here with the goddesses of various clans. 149 00:16:50,050 --> 00:16:56,350 Transmit is not called simple daya, but rather coldly with the ritual procedure of a clan. 150 00:16:57,010 --> 00:17:04,360 That is of a goddess clan. While yoga is typically classified according to the clans of the eight mother Goddesses. 151 00:17:04,810 --> 00:17:08,530 They belong to a wider spectrum of divine and semi-divine female beings. 152 00:17:08,980 --> 00:17:13,000 Some auspicious and others, like Duncan, is at least in shy bosom. 153 00:17:13,270 --> 00:17:17,290 Terrifying. All of these have their own clans and lineage teachings. 154 00:17:24,740 --> 00:17:31,070 Looking more closely at the expression sample of diet and shavers, and especially in the bite of a TANTAROS and colour sources, 155 00:17:31,700 --> 00:17:37,760 a clearer picture emerges of what it might mean to, quote, discover lineage teachings of the Goddess cleanse. 156 00:17:39,350 --> 00:17:44,479 I will first review passages which shed light on the kinds of teachings and mode of instruction that 157 00:17:44,480 --> 00:17:51,440 somebody suggests and afterwards examine instances that specify the precise content of some fertile. 158 00:17:53,190 --> 00:18:02,010 Sheema Raja, a prominent non duellist chamber ex of the 11th century from Kashmir, makes a number of illuminating remarks on the term. 159 00:18:02,990 --> 00:18:09,500 And as commentary on the switch under tantra and an exposition on its mantras, he abruptly pauses to say. 160 00:18:10,460 --> 00:18:15,650 But enough of revealing the secrets of mantra. Yet the alarm month has hit. 161 00:18:15,650 --> 00:18:18,910 McCartney Nina. Thinking. 162 00:18:18,910 --> 00:18:28,300 Let not the same paradigm be broken. I have disclosed just a little some paradise to my buddy Cheney Kim [INAUDIBLE] on really dumb. 163 00:18:29,880 --> 00:18:36,780 Here's something that represents something secret and sacred, not to be disclosed in writing no more, 164 00:18:36,780 --> 00:18:40,380 at least, than is absolutely necessary to preserve the tradition. 165 00:18:41,700 --> 00:18:48,630 Elsewhere in this commentary invokes the category some paranoia to refer to authoritative oral instructions by his teachers. 166 00:18:49,050 --> 00:18:55,470 In places where the textual tradition doesn't provide an answer to a particular exegetical problem. 167 00:18:57,970 --> 00:19:02,170 So twice elsewhere. Shame. Adalja provides an etymology of the word some banana. 168 00:19:04,020 --> 00:19:07,710 His remarks on a verse from the of Tantra are especially noteworthy. 169 00:19:08,430 --> 00:19:11,970 The verse reads, Maybe I'll read the scriptural verse. 170 00:19:12,000 --> 00:19:22,460 Gupta has specifically told the AP, where Sydney Harbour made too smart to her courage w her son pranayama kageyama her remaining secret. 171 00:19:22,470 --> 00:19:27,450 The teaching yields abundant success, so Goddess revealed it would ruin success. 172 00:19:28,080 --> 00:19:32,760 Therefore, the sun prana which comes forth comes forth from the mouth. 173 00:19:33,480 --> 00:19:37,800 That is its mock argument. Oral tradition should be kept very secret. 174 00:19:39,590 --> 00:19:46,670 Shima Raja glosses this as follows Coming from the mouth means emerging from the mouth of the supreme shuck being. 175 00:19:47,770 --> 00:19:52,870 This summer diet consisting of the secret that has been explained above is called 176 00:19:52,870 --> 00:19:59,230 Sarge because it is given me away from the door to summon after properly some yuck. 177 00:19:59,290 --> 00:20:04,390 That's for the sum of simpler than ascertaining that he has had a most intense descent. 178 00:20:04,480 --> 00:20:18,190 Author of Shiva's Power struck me. It is to be kept well-hidden, i.e. carefully hidden, proposing within itself as intimates the nature of tantra. 179 00:20:18,580 --> 00:20:28,149 Some paradigm is secret and transmitted orally. Cammarata posits that this secret knowledge has its origin in the very warm of wisdom, 180 00:20:28,150 --> 00:20:33,730 the mouth of the that is the mouth of the organi the ultimate source of call of revelation. 181 00:20:34,570 --> 00:20:39,850 It is some paradise because it is transmitted only to someone who is experienced an intense 182 00:20:39,850 --> 00:20:45,970 descent of shivers power which proves fitness to receive the most esoteric of tantric teachings. 183 00:20:47,390 --> 00:20:57,020 These etymologies clarify the non dullest shape of vision of some prior as an esoteric oral transmission derived ultimately from the goddess. 184 00:20:58,670 --> 00:21:06,650 Camerata Rogers called the vision of yoga and is possessing secret wisdom beyond the textual canon finds corroboration and an unlikely source. 185 00:21:07,370 --> 00:21:13,220 But again, the brigand dogma a learned scripture of the mature showbiz Vedanta. 186 00:21:14,160 --> 00:21:21,230 In its account of the streams of ship revelation and includes a brief account of a sub stream of scripture called the yolk in the collar. 187 00:21:21,810 --> 00:21:30,260 How the teachings of the organism. Here. 188 00:21:30,260 --> 00:21:37,370 The yoga cola is characterised as secret wisdom maintained exclusively by the yoga and is not 189 00:21:37,370 --> 00:21:42,860 translate the yoga names obtained wisdom that immediately makes the power of yoga manifest. 190 00:21:43,610 --> 00:21:48,140 For this reason it is called yoga. Nikola Cola Wisdom of the organism. 191 00:21:48,740 --> 00:21:55,630 It has not emerged forth from them. The commentator but not in a contest against Kashmiri. 192 00:21:56,260 --> 00:22:02,350 Adds that the yogis obtain their knowledge from Shiva and that this remains among them as their secrets suffer dire. 193 00:22:03,410 --> 00:22:12,830 This side article source makes an important acknowledgement, namely that while all contact revelation is secret mediated by a lineage of gurus, 194 00:22:13,370 --> 00:22:19,580 the revelation of goddess cults is more carefully guarded and more likely to be the preserve of oral tradition. 195 00:22:22,820 --> 00:22:30,270 In the words of the general director, Jamila. The non hidden supplier is knowledge which spreads throughout the world. 196 00:22:30,780 --> 00:22:33,930 Or its subject is esoteric. Some on the other share. 197 00:22:34,870 --> 00:22:47,770 The knowledge of the organisms, esoteric nature. I turn now to a few examples where the content of some PDA is spelled out in more detail. 198 00:22:48,460 --> 00:22:58,090 The giant thing Armada, which I've just referred to, a composite chroma work that is of the cult of Kali belonging to the Vidya PETA contains several 199 00:22:58,090 --> 00:23:03,370 instances where specific tantric practices and their associated mantras are called sympathiser. 200 00:23:04,740 --> 00:23:12,500 Take, for instance, the brief sadhana of a naked donkey faced goddess called Mardaani by a broom banner. 201 00:23:14,140 --> 00:23:21,940 This is introduced as a simple idea. Here, the expression seems simply to mean esoteric oral teaching connected with yoga. 202 00:23:22,510 --> 00:23:30,340 It's a kind of hyperbole, we can say, given that the instructions for the mantra and the mantra itself are written out in full. 203 00:23:31,420 --> 00:23:38,440 Similarly, a scripture of the collar crime called the Order McLaren of a bogus step refers to its core 204 00:23:38,440 --> 00:23:44,200 instructions on initiation as a calling from some pranayama lineage teachings of the Goddess clans, 205 00:23:44,890 --> 00:23:50,830 transmitted orally by yoga knees and revealed in the world by a sister called mean of her or not. 206 00:23:50,830 --> 00:23:56,420 But. Numerous other teachings are also described as sympathisers in this text. 207 00:23:57,200 --> 00:24:04,460 This, in fact, emerges as a rhetorical pattern in works of the croma or consort cult of Kali Mohana Prakash Ranasinghe. 208 00:24:05,180 --> 00:24:13,010 Then the Maha nya Prakash of shifting counter both makes such claims about multiple teachings and emphasise the oral nature of our transmission. 209 00:24:14,880 --> 00:24:18,390 A contrasting kind of sampler that is presented in the tender, said Parva, 210 00:24:19,320 --> 00:24:24,900 a very upbeat scripture that I referred to already of the trigger circa eighth or ninth century. 211 00:24:29,300 --> 00:24:35,300 The term features here in chapter six as one of three kinds of esoteric knowledge obtained from your guineas. 212 00:24:35,700 --> 00:24:39,350 This is really quite an interesting passage. I'll read it in full. 213 00:24:39,980 --> 00:24:46,670 My interpretation of the text is based on Mark Deitch Koski draft edition of the text with a couple small emanations. 214 00:24:48,660 --> 00:24:51,780 What's more, I have taught you the ultimate essence of mantra. 215 00:24:52,200 --> 00:24:56,840 The supreme characteristics of the goddess and the mantra Call the heart of the yoga knees. 216 00:24:56,850 --> 00:25:03,810 You're going to retire. And this mantra, which has come down through the lineage of transmission, is not written in a book. 217 00:25:04,770 --> 00:25:13,140 Rather, the clan and clan based teachings have come down to this world through the clan lineage, Columbia and Akula and Cordoba. 218 00:25:13,490 --> 00:25:21,180 Now, that is difficult to translate, but clan teachings and clan based teachings which have secret meanings are not understood. 219 00:25:22,280 --> 00:25:27,550 But the caller and Catholic teachings are obtained by the heroes of their respective clans, 220 00:25:28,520 --> 00:25:32,480 and that knowledge is threefold, divided according to how it is obtained. 221 00:25:33,200 --> 00:25:35,660 The first kindness. But they show instruction. 222 00:25:36,380 --> 00:25:42,440 The second is some for the higher the tradition, and the third is Coleco belonging to the Goddess clans. 223 00:25:43,610 --> 00:25:49,730 Listen to what comes from home. Those teachings obtained from the home of a yoga teacher are instruction. 224 00:25:51,070 --> 00:25:56,290 Those obtained by from Deity Yoga. These are some pranayama spoken by shiver. 225 00:25:57,510 --> 00:26:01,500 Those given by flying yoga. These are. KALEKA, no doubt. 226 00:26:05,540 --> 00:26:14,600 This fascinating passage offers a three fold tex common taxonomy of esoteric knowledge obtained from yogis based on an implicit hierarchy. 227 00:26:15,630 --> 00:26:22,500 You're is living in the world that is female tantric adepts yogis who are goddesses and critics. 228 00:26:22,650 --> 00:26:32,190 The ultimate yogis who traverse the skies. All three types seem to represent what our sources call central air, usually called separate air. 229 00:26:32,580 --> 00:26:38,130 Though here the term is reserved for the intermediate category of knowledge whose ultimate source is shiver. 230 00:26:39,310 --> 00:26:47,110 In all cases, this esoteric knowledge appears to be imparted orally to some other cousin who belong to the same colour or initiate hoary clan. 231 00:26:49,510 --> 00:26:53,860 Here too. Of course, the categories are essentially rhetorical and theoretical. 232 00:26:54,370 --> 00:27:01,570 The Panthers and Barbour generally delineates even the most esoteric mantras without too much effort at concealment. 233 00:27:05,710 --> 00:27:08,530 The final example I wish to share is from the Birmingham, Ala. 234 00:27:09,190 --> 00:27:15,880 Its 14th chapter is devoted to a mantra called to cultivate the are the Vidya mantra or goddess mantra of the Goddess cleanse. 235 00:27:17,610 --> 00:27:22,110 And a mandala also called the cage hit or wheel of this Sky Travellers. 236 00:27:23,040 --> 00:27:29,970 This is not specifically called us on a diet, but is represented as such a tender teaching of the organic lands. 237 00:27:30,750 --> 00:27:35,520 It is moreover specifically designated as a teaching for female tantric attempts. 238 00:27:36,450 --> 00:27:44,970 One of its remarkable features is its threefold classification of human yogis based on how they received transmission of the call of the mantra. 239 00:27:46,230 --> 00:27:52,170 I'll read the passage. One whose mother and father both possess the wisdom and whose mother would bestow 240 00:27:52,170 --> 00:27:57,300 the quality of the art to her while in the womb is known as a wisdom in the womb. 241 00:27:57,330 --> 00:28:01,110 Eugenie at the age of half of 30 years. 242 00:28:01,530 --> 00:28:08,320 She certainly obtains the wisdom. The mother fully possesses the wisdom, but the father has no entitlement. 243 00:28:09,070 --> 00:28:16,380 She is one born in a clan. Her mother would whisper the colour vivid in her ear for six months when she was born. 244 00:28:17,400 --> 00:28:20,640 After 24 years, the wisdom arises in her. 245 00:28:21,980 --> 00:28:28,310 She and him. The wisdom would arise through ritual consuming the oblation grow to the path of deity worship, 246 00:28:28,790 --> 00:28:32,570 or through conserving the secret nectar, as she is known as the newcomer. 247 00:28:33,760 --> 00:28:40,330 The perfected You're charlatans, said the in this order. Without a doubt possessing vast troves of wisdom. 248 00:28:43,420 --> 00:28:49,630 A remarkable view of female tantric adepts emerges in this passage, which I have discussed elsewhere in some detail. 249 00:28:50,780 --> 00:28:59,360 As this passage indicates, women's attainment may be congenital, predicated on birth to initiates either the mother alone or both parents, 250 00:28:59,870 --> 00:29:05,180 as well as matrilineal transmission of the highly esoteric cultivate the mantra. 251 00:29:07,110 --> 00:29:15,059 Whatever the social reality may have been. This passage highlights the idea that women and goddesses may possess tantric teachings that are 252 00:29:15,060 --> 00:29:22,020 mediated neither by the texts nor by the established male dominated lineage of lineages of gurus. 253 00:29:22,920 --> 00:29:28,980 This is again a rhetorical claim for the Bromyard MLA explains the wheel of this kind of travellers in full detail. 254 00:29:35,470 --> 00:29:42,580 Despite so many indications of the of the oral or even in some cases nonverbal nature of knowledge obtained from eugenics. 255 00:29:43,090 --> 00:29:46,240 Several cyber texts attribute their revelation to the goddesses, 256 00:29:46,840 --> 00:29:52,480 primarily by indirect means, rather than attempting a thoughtful conclusion to this paper. 257 00:29:52,900 --> 00:29:59,290 Let me wind up by bringing by drawing closer connections between my topic and this seminar theme. 258 00:30:00,250 --> 00:30:05,920 I will discuss several examples of inspired Shiva texts rather than treasured texts. 259 00:30:05,920 --> 00:30:15,070 We could perhaps call these secret lineage teachings inspired by the expression Prochazka sempre diya, which Ashima Raja once uses. 260 00:30:18,430 --> 00:30:23,590 These secret lineage teachings include a text called The Order of McAllen, Ava, which I referred to. 261 00:30:26,710 --> 00:30:32,790 A fascinating care case. And the earliest of these examples is that of the Shiva suitor as a vessel. 262 00:30:32,800 --> 00:30:41,550 Gupta. However, this is a work from the second half of the ninth century that was seminal to the Kashmiri and non non dualist exegetical tradition. 263 00:30:43,220 --> 00:30:46,970 Commentators on this work narrate a revelation with several variations. 264 00:30:47,510 --> 00:30:54,740 According to Camarasa, Chavo himself appeared to Verso Gupta in dream thinking Let not the secret some pranayama. 265 00:30:54,770 --> 00:31:01,670 That's the expression rehearsal something that is lost since the world is almost entirely devoted to dualism. 266 00:31:03,580 --> 00:31:09,430 He directed Verso Gupta to a slab of stone on a mountain where he discovered the sutras. 267 00:31:10,550 --> 00:31:14,610 That's a group that was deemed fit for him as grace on account of being Artemis. 268 00:31:14,690 --> 00:31:23,269 But at Nana yoga. And he said that said son Pradeep, a bit like our one whose heart was purified by the teachings of the true lineage, 269 00:31:23,270 --> 00:31:27,770 set somewhere Daya received from numerous Scheiber yoga innings and said thus, 270 00:31:29,120 --> 00:31:36,949 the sutras are scriptural in the sense of origin for Shiva, but beyond the received traditions of scriptural literature and linked explicitly 271 00:31:36,950 --> 00:31:41,540 to extra scriptural teachings of character charismatic citizen yoga needs. 272 00:31:43,030 --> 00:31:49,810 Several later works of common literature. Bear mentioned here as well in the conclusion to is Maha Nya Prakash. 273 00:31:50,470 --> 00:31:57,490 Ana Singer from the second half of the 11th century, claims that the text came from all instructions of his guru, 274 00:31:58,000 --> 00:32:04,930 which were expanded or augmented by lineage teachings derived from a I don't mean Lapa. 275 00:32:04,960 --> 00:32:13,620 The ultimate assembly of Yoga is. Another Kashmiri and work of the southern genre named after its author, Abdullah Naka, 276 00:32:14,010 --> 00:32:19,830 just ascribes its revelation directly to yoga earnings, according to the commentator Ananda Shakti. 277 00:32:20,250 --> 00:32:25,130 The suitors were revealed to the total Ananda during a mohammed Lapa. 278 00:32:25,140 --> 00:32:28,150 Similar expression by Shreddies. 279 00:32:28,230 --> 00:32:34,140 Goddesses of the Karabila Cremation Ground in Ludhiana in Kashmir, SWAT Valley. 280 00:32:34,170 --> 00:32:38,330 I guess the revelation was preceded by another form of instruction. 281 00:32:38,340 --> 00:32:47,910 However, a PE teacher, his first taught Baitullah not a sequence of cryptic utterances, probably vernacular verses and code called choma. 282 00:32:47,940 --> 00:32:56,120 But those. A third related example is the MacArthur Mangrove marsh Warren in the South 283 00:32:56,120 --> 00:33:00,290 Indian author writing in Chidambaram around the beginning of the 13th century. 284 00:33:01,040 --> 00:33:07,400 He attributes his composition to the inspiration of a visionary encounter with the Ogoni Probably a dream. 285 00:33:08,620 --> 00:33:12,340 As Whitney Cox analyses, this unfolded in stages. 286 00:33:13,270 --> 00:33:20,260 First, a liminal encounter with a yogi communicated through mysterious gestures and cryptic words in Maharashtra. 287 00:33:21,880 --> 00:33:27,490 Then a meeting with his guru, who interpreted her gestures and mysterious words. 288 00:33:29,070 --> 00:33:34,680 This was followed by my Haitian Islanders composition of the Prophet verses that comprised the My Heart, 289 00:33:34,680 --> 00:33:40,470 the Monkey, and then by his Sanskrit commentary that my heart demands any mother. 290 00:33:42,060 --> 00:33:48,750 The wisdom of the yoga knees is always several steps. It seems removed from the bounded material form of Sanskrit, the text. 291 00:33:49,860 --> 00:33:50,430 Thank you.