1 00:00:14,400 --> 00:00:22,830 So I'm going to present my ongoing Ph.D. research and I must apologise if some of you 2 00:00:22,830 --> 00:00:27,989 should have already attended one of my talks because there are very few upgrades, 3 00:00:27,990 --> 00:00:36,120 I'm afraid, at any rate, and the focus is on ensembles, commentary on the mind you should enormous and medium. 4 00:00:37,380 --> 00:00:44,910 So for those of you who may not be familiar, perhaps with the topic, with the Monday shooting a muslim or the author of the commentary, 5 00:00:45,360 --> 00:00:51,260 I will first give a brief introduction to the Scripture and to the author of ensemble. 6 00:00:51,750 --> 00:01:01,110 And then towards the end, maybe Odell, a little bit more deeper or more deep into some textual details. 7 00:01:05,920 --> 00:01:13,030 The Munchkin. Amazon gift is a circa seventh to eighth century Indian tantric Buddhist scripture. 8 00:01:13,330 --> 00:01:19,090 On the chanting of the names of lingerie Jana set about that is lingerie, the knowledge being. 9 00:01:20,050 --> 00:01:23,740 It is practically a list of epithets. 10 00:01:24,040 --> 00:01:25,960 In the nominative case in Sanskrit. 11 00:01:27,220 --> 00:01:38,260 These are called Names one, and they are of various kinds describing various characteristics of functioning and so on and so forth. 12 00:01:38,920 --> 00:01:45,100 The title manager shooting on a Sunny Day with which perhaps it is best known in the West, 13 00:01:45,100 --> 00:01:53,590 or maybe also the Tibetan tradition as jump singer is only attested in transcribed titles of Tibetan translations, 14 00:01:54,010 --> 00:02:00,489 but it does not appear to be attested in Sanskrit manuscripts or Sanskrit manuscripts, 15 00:02:00,490 --> 00:02:07,210 rather, show the simple title Namaz and epi, or such as in the name of Sun itself. 16 00:02:08,260 --> 00:02:13,209 Longer titles such as manager Shri Jana Sebastian Lamas. 17 00:02:13,210 --> 00:02:19,840 And so the chanting of the names of majesty, the knowledge being or even lower ones, 18 00:02:19,840 --> 00:02:23,290 as the one we find in the court of one such as Hug of Atonement, you should. 19 00:02:23,290 --> 00:02:35,410 Each of them are autonomous. And so the ultimate chanting of the names of the PAG about mandatory, the knowledge being or something like that. 20 00:02:36,670 --> 00:02:43,090 The Scripture claims to be extracted from the summary chapter of a 16,000 verse Miyagi la Tantra. 21 00:02:43,510 --> 00:02:47,080 But the Miyagi like extent in the conduit does not seem to contain it. 22 00:02:48,490 --> 00:02:59,770 The Scripture itself begins with another word in there, untranslatable to now or then suggesting that it may follow a larger part of the text. 23 00:03:00,850 --> 00:03:11,800 It consists of 162 verses or shloka, followed by a prose section describing the benefits of the chanting of the names. 24 00:03:12,940 --> 00:03:21,770 A short mantra, section and five concluding verses some manuscripts of the Namaste Sangeeta Show. 25 00:03:21,880 --> 00:03:32,470 Chapter Divisions 14 Chapter Divisions such as First Chapter on the request Chapters on the six families, 26 00:03:33,400 --> 00:03:37,180 a chapter each for the five noses and so on and so forth. 27 00:03:37,570 --> 00:03:44,180 And these divisions are probably derived from the later commentary of literature on the. 28 00:03:46,720 --> 00:03:56,000 The Sanskrit text has been edited and reprinted various times from minutes in to 29 00:03:56,050 --> 00:04:04,780 print ships of 1887 to perhaps the most widely known and used edition by Davidson, 30 00:04:04,780 --> 00:04:09,070 which is actually a collection of previous editions of the Sanskrit text, 31 00:04:11,080 --> 00:04:23,049 and more recently of verses 1 to 41 have also been re-edited, slightly edited by Anthony Tribe in his monograph. 32 00:04:23,050 --> 00:04:27,140 On the latter, Majerus commentary on the mind Just hitting on my son Eddie. 33 00:04:27,970 --> 00:04:39,160 Even more recently. Also Matteo Salvini published I don't know How to Say maybe an online PDF with a reprint of the 34 00:04:39,160 --> 00:04:47,950 Sanskrit text and discussion of variants taken from various commentaries and and the like. 35 00:04:49,330 --> 00:04:53,080 The Monkey Shilling Amazon has been translated into Tibetan, 36 00:04:54,160 --> 00:05:00,640 and there is an early translation listed in the early 19th century Imperial Catalogues and Carmine Dharma. 37 00:05:02,140 --> 00:05:05,500 There is a later translation by a French ensemble. 38 00:05:06,970 --> 00:05:12,100 So from the 10th 11th century and the 13th century revision by Sean Lord, 39 00:05:12,100 --> 00:05:17,530 at that time, the second war flourished around the second half of the 13th century, 40 00:05:17,860 --> 00:05:24,610 and this version is the one that was included by Wootton at the head of the Cross in the Congo. 41 00:05:25,540 --> 00:05:32,590 And there is even a 15th century revision by our children's uncle, or my pal of Pedro, 42 00:05:33,400 --> 00:05:41,860 who in many cases, according to Rufino, studied restored Renaissance samples and revised text. 43 00:05:44,320 --> 00:05:57,970 Or Rufino, by the way, transcribed the Korczak fragment of the now missing 80, providing the variants from the Dumont Manuscripts. 44 00:05:58,450 --> 00:06:10,540 Not all of them. All of them except the Tibetan, was not accessible to her at the time and providing the variants also of the new version. 45 00:06:10,540 --> 00:06:13,000 For instance, as I said, 46 00:06:13,270 --> 00:06:25,750 there are or do not manuscripts of the Tibetan translation of the numbers which provide do not provide the name of any translator, 47 00:06:26,170 --> 00:06:37,780 and none of which have a section divisions. So the section divisions I was talking about earlier, two of them are without the prose, 48 00:06:37,780 --> 00:06:46,540 one is incomplete and the other one is complete, and the translation largely corresponds to the ancient samples. 49 00:06:46,540 --> 00:07:01,720 Unrevised Translation. Another one is incomplete, but this time with the pros and it presents various different readings. 50 00:07:01,840 --> 00:07:06,640 So it might correspond to an even earlier translation perhaps. 51 00:07:07,630 --> 00:07:12,020 And the fourth one below is complete and with the prose. 52 00:07:12,040 --> 00:07:18,880 So it is, so to speak, the most complete doing one version of the last meeting. 53 00:07:19,180 --> 00:07:22,629 And this one too, largely corresponds to referential samples. 54 00:07:22,630 --> 00:07:34,980 Translation. It has also been transmitted in the immaculate womb, again with no translators provided and no section divisions. 55 00:07:35,430 --> 00:07:38,909 But with the prose again corresponding to oranges samples, 56 00:07:38,910 --> 00:07:48,030 translation and it is also found in the various editions of the NUMA come together with the California states 57 00:07:48,030 --> 00:07:54,030 that it was translated by Parmesan bevacqua paid sick and chocolate nuggets and revised by vital chance. 58 00:07:54,630 --> 00:08:02,130 So this is probably an editorial column on which is found very often in numerology about text. 59 00:08:03,780 --> 00:08:11,190 To provide authoritative lists to to the translation in this one to corresponds to tensions on translation. 60 00:08:16,350 --> 00:08:20,820 The text has also been translated various times in English. 61 00:08:21,960 --> 00:08:33,570 Again, the most widely used or famous translations are those by Davidsen in 1981 and then reprinted in 1995. 62 00:08:35,130 --> 00:08:40,260 Women's 1985 Translation and Presents 2009 Translation. 63 00:08:42,080 --> 00:08:51,470 Brazil's translation is not annotated. While Davidson's translation is very fully annotated and Whitman's, 64 00:08:53,150 --> 00:08:58,040 it's also annotated slightly less, and they are arranged in a slightly different manner. 65 00:08:58,940 --> 00:09:08,540 Whitman's monograph actually contains both the Sanskrit text and the Tibetan text together, accompanied by the English translation. 66 00:09:08,540 --> 00:09:15,290 While Davidson has the edition of the Sanskrit text and the annotated translation. 67 00:09:16,230 --> 00:09:25,550 Verses 1 to 41, again, as I mentioned, are both re-edited and retranslated in Tribe's 2016 book. 68 00:09:26,240 --> 00:09:32,690 And there is a very recent translation by Ryan Kannan with the assistance of Stefan Munch for the Iowa House, 69 00:09:35,390 --> 00:09:44,780 which makes use of various sources among which Davidson's edition and Vlasov addressed commentary and 70 00:09:44,780 --> 00:09:52,010 they compared the canonical translation of the numbers epi with the extra canonical translation. 71 00:09:52,310 --> 00:10:03,650 And it is also quite fully annotated. Last but not least, there is a forthcoming translation for the 84,000 project by, 72 00:10:03,920 --> 00:10:10,160 among others, I think DRS Julian Short and 60 to share Anthony Tribe as well. 73 00:10:12,830 --> 00:10:20,330 The popularity or influence of the numbers in GP, especially in Indo-tibetan Buddhism, 74 00:10:21,050 --> 00:10:32,570 cannot be overestimated as the sheer amount of works related to the tantra are found is found in the canon, in the Tibetan canon. 75 00:10:32,930 --> 00:10:37,250 So there are around 129 related works in the singular. 76 00:10:38,270 --> 00:10:46,790 And among the various Indian commentaries, which, by the way, have been written from various hermeneutical perspectives, 77 00:10:46,790 --> 00:10:52,190 from a yoga, tantra, perspective, coloured chakra, and so on and so forth. 78 00:10:53,150 --> 00:10:58,970 The ones which are still extant in Sanskrit are villous about Charas eighth century. 79 00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:05,120 None of them are looking be edited from chapters 1 to 5 by Anthony Tribe. 80 00:11:05,990 --> 00:11:11,270 Ravi agreed. Jana's later 11th to 12th Century American Kanishka, 81 00:11:12,230 --> 00:11:26,420 edited by A.S. Lal in 1994 and more recently the still unpublished vice defining Absorb in 2006, accompanied by Chandra's amrita daughter. 82 00:11:27,850 --> 00:11:39,490 And there is also a yet unedited but published codex soon equals one manuscript of this 83 00:11:39,650 --> 00:11:46,640 would armada a huge manuscript very large by one and very evocative or ugly at Chuck Gras, 84 00:11:46,750 --> 00:11:50,680 which might be a slip for a giraffe to be distinguished. 85 00:11:50,690 --> 00:11:57,819 However, according to Peter Daniel Santo and Francesco Spera, among others, by Mitri. 86 00:11:57,820 --> 00:12:04,560 And that also goes to be distinguished, sorry, from my train of thought, who also goes by the name of Archer. 87 00:12:05,170 --> 00:12:10,090 And it might be from around the 11th century. 88 00:12:14,740 --> 00:12:24,460 There are. There have also been various Tibetan commentaries on the draft from various authors of various schools. 89 00:12:25,690 --> 00:12:33,340 Again, the reason Cheeky Samples commentary is the focus of my research might be one of the earliest commentaries. 90 00:12:34,720 --> 00:12:39,640 Even though this is a slightly earliest Tibetan autochthonous commentaries. 91 00:12:40,660 --> 00:12:50,350 Even though this might be a little bit difficult to determine, especially because, for instance, the MM commentary, which is allegedly a translation, 92 00:12:51,250 --> 00:12:58,960 shows many signs of actually being thought of actually having been written in Tibetan directly and 93 00:12:59,260 --> 00:13:05,290 having been based on the Tibetan translation of the non-Muslim rather than the Sanskrit original. 94 00:13:08,780 --> 00:13:21,470 As for the life and works of Rose and Chicky sample, they have been mainly studied by Dr. Mogi Professor Doge one shook as well and Dominic Slaughter. 95 00:13:24,340 --> 00:13:25,690 His dates are uncertain. 96 00:13:26,270 --> 00:13:37,570 However, we can say with some certainty that he flourished between the 11th for the latter part of the 11th and the early part of the 12th century. 97 00:13:38,020 --> 00:13:48,910 So during the later propagation of Buddhism in Tibet, he was born in not all from a district in the western Tibetan region of lower tongue, 98 00:13:49,630 --> 00:13:53,240 and he is considered to be an imitation of Manchester City. 99 00:13:53,890 --> 00:13:58,060 Given his sharp intellect and ease in learning Sanskrit. 100 00:13:58,810 --> 00:14:07,680 And by some the reincarnation or disciple of slate, the genealogy of the and by others of Arcadia tailoring one or tailoring one. 101 00:14:08,950 --> 00:14:23,050 Now the identity of this lady Janaki and our charioteer laryngeal, which sometimes is or coalesces, is yet not not very certain. 102 00:14:23,560 --> 00:14:26,860 So they are two rather obscure figures. 103 00:14:28,000 --> 00:14:37,809 But Smriti Janaki, as will be seen later, was a very important figure in Rosenblatt's intellectual environment, 104 00:14:37,810 --> 00:14:49,570 meaning that Rosalba relied heavily on the texts associated with somebody that she had either translated by him or authored by him. 105 00:14:52,410 --> 00:14:57,060 She is. Also Rosalba is said to have met additionally Ponca City, Indiana, 106 00:14:57,480 --> 00:15:02,370 who recognised them as the reincarnation of creation Arcadia, one of the former haciendas cities. 107 00:15:03,150 --> 00:15:11,730 And in addition to being a translator of mainly Tundras, he was also the author of commentaries and treatises. 108 00:15:14,260 --> 00:15:24,160 Something that was not very usual or even well seen in the environment of 11th century Tibet. 109 00:15:26,140 --> 00:15:36,549 Among his most important works are his commentary on the future of Tantra, the earliest commentary on the Gujarat based tantra. 110 00:15:36,550 --> 00:15:45,040 The conjunction partly edited in non-Mortgage 2009, his commentary on the Amazon Getty, of course, 111 00:15:45,400 --> 00:15:55,780 also a very short passage actually edited in a Mogi 2009, but translated in its entirety by two chapter in 2012. 112 00:15:58,150 --> 00:16:02,050 His commentary on Atma Some of US manga that would take a while. 113 00:16:03,120 --> 00:16:06,689 Again, the authorship of this text is disputed, 114 00:16:06,690 --> 00:16:16,230 but it is usually ascribed to sum it up and his commentary on stated genealogy of this grammar mogul to ensure that this text as well. 115 00:16:16,830 --> 00:16:23,150 The authorship of the commentary is also sometimes ascribed to some reteaching and teaching. 116 00:16:23,160 --> 00:16:28,500 So. He also wrote a commentary on the set up about the summer yoga, 117 00:16:29,160 --> 00:16:41,219 and among his treatises are the tendency to get the picture completely edited in full by Campbell passing from 118 00:16:41,220 --> 00:16:49,860 the humour we saw among the research centre in Mysore and translated in its entirety by Dominic Slaughter. 119 00:16:51,000 --> 00:17:02,010 The Normal Handbook, also edited by Campbell Pashley, Dogen and other pilots of this project based in Mysore, 120 00:17:02,010 --> 00:17:06,990 so to speak, and translated into English by Heidi Campbell. 121 00:17:07,970 --> 00:17:15,290 And the Sunset Channel, edited and also translated, by the way, by a doctor or an animal in its entirety. 122 00:17:22,570 --> 00:17:27,280 So sorry. Perhaps a few words on the tension in his. 123 00:17:29,020 --> 00:17:39,790 Maybe most important work. So it is usually considered to be an apology of the doctrine or the great perfection. 124 00:17:40,300 --> 00:17:45,370 And much more than that. But you get into the details. 125 00:17:48,190 --> 00:17:53,890 As for results commentary on the numbers some. The 19th ship. 126 00:17:56,770 --> 00:18:06,550 And it well, a commentary with unspecified title is mentioned in the room by Maples. 127 00:18:07,030 --> 00:18:16,660 A list of works by Lonzo Ball was a direct disciple of Denzel Russell, also from the late 11th, early 12th century. 128 00:18:17,470 --> 00:18:21,040 And as you see, he simply lists a commentary on the number, 129 00:18:21,040 --> 00:18:33,490 saying without specifying the title in the Milbank's catalogue to his own plus collected works the commentary on the numbers and beauty. 130 00:18:34,520 --> 00:18:40,070 Again with no title specified is set to be a general commentary on the Scripture. 131 00:18:43,870 --> 00:18:50,170 The commentary. Is transmitted with the title of Nansen Ship. 132 00:18:50,590 --> 00:19:01,270 The supposed explanation or perhaps explanation of three points or three points in the various editions of Ransom's Collected writings. 133 00:19:01,540 --> 00:19:05,210 And also in the cut of me, my column on the various editions of the column. 134 00:19:06,730 --> 00:19:12,040 As I mentioned earlier, it has been already translated in its entirety by two of Sheldon, 135 00:19:12,790 --> 00:19:24,580 but his translation as the as to who himself specifies in the introduction is not annotated and not meant for an academic readership, 136 00:19:25,960 --> 00:19:30,840 though it is very elegant, in my opinion, at various points, and very useful indeed. 137 00:19:32,330 --> 00:19:37,310 And the commentary is also transmitted with a slightly different name. 138 00:19:38,090 --> 00:19:44,590 That is the lamp that clarifies the three ways or the three methods in all editions of the ten. 139 00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:53,540 However, this version found in the canon does not specify either author or translator. 140 00:19:55,100 --> 00:20:01,820 Translator since the being found in the Penguin should be a translation of a Sanskrit text. 141 00:20:04,800 --> 00:20:08,010 And Putin in his catalogue to the show. 142 00:20:08,010 --> 00:20:13,080 Thank you. As a matter of fact, doubts its authenticity, namely Indian origin. 143 00:20:15,330 --> 00:20:22,800 And this is not the first time that such a thing happens with the work, but also about, for instance, 144 00:20:23,550 --> 00:20:32,430 the commentary on genetic genealogy of this grandma, as I mentioned before, is also described as making himself and included in the year. 145 00:20:34,830 --> 00:20:41,610 And there are also a couple of other texts that Dr. Auden and McGee found out to be 146 00:20:41,610 --> 00:20:46,680 actually by add ons and and which have nonetheless been transmitted in the canon. 147 00:20:48,570 --> 00:20:56,940 In her own words. Mitten states that the fact that ensemble style of composition resembles that of Indian scholars 148 00:20:56,940 --> 00:21:03,280 in Tibetan translation may well have resulted in some of the works that lack an authorship call, 149 00:21:03,300 --> 00:21:09,840 often being mistaken for translated Indian works, and therefore in their being included in the ten new. 150 00:21:10,970 --> 00:21:14,780 So this is certainly a possibility. 151 00:21:15,770 --> 00:21:23,780 However, I would also argue that at least with regard to Rosenberg's commentary on the numbers and perhaps 152 00:21:23,780 --> 00:21:30,680 the main reason for it being included in the ten year is that it borrows very often verbatim, 153 00:21:31,190 --> 00:21:36,860 very lengthy passages of text from Indian sources. 154 00:21:41,840 --> 00:21:48,710 Now the text is structured as the title itself specifies in three main points. 155 00:21:49,550 --> 00:21:53,060 The first one being on the nature of mind usually. 156 00:21:53,480 --> 00:21:58,780 And in brief he is said to be known to this act by a junior. 157 00:21:59,890 --> 00:22:03,430 Immigration. The second point is on the names of. 158 00:22:04,120 --> 00:22:10,720 So what are these? And these should be that one should chant again. 159 00:22:10,930 --> 00:22:15,460 The second point is further subdivided into two points. 160 00:22:15,910 --> 00:22:24,940 The first one is the so-called general teaching, in which a magistrate is said to be the embodiment of all phenomena. 161 00:22:25,510 --> 00:22:31,810 He said, to pervade all phenomena in for manners, symptomatic, for knowledge, compassion, activities. 162 00:22:32,800 --> 00:22:36,940 He manifests as all phenomena. He delights in all phenomena. 163 00:22:36,940 --> 00:22:47,090 He knows all phenomena, and he speaks of phenomena. And so on and so forth. 164 00:22:48,290 --> 00:23:00,230 The specific teaching is further divided into a section regarding defiled phenomena and a section regarding undefiled phenomena in the first one. 165 00:23:01,260 --> 00:23:08,780 Monday she is said to be the defining characteristic of defiled phenomena, but he is not characterised by them. 166 00:23:09,470 --> 00:23:13,160 Similarly, she pervades them, but she is not supported by them. 167 00:23:13,670 --> 00:23:20,000 He suffuses and empowers or blesses them, but he is not seized nor tainted by them. 168 00:23:22,300 --> 00:23:30,100 On the ultimate level of a state's one chance by assuming that there is no duality between pure and impure phenomena. 169 00:23:30,550 --> 00:23:35,020 And since those impurities are to be abandoned merrily on the conventional level, 170 00:23:35,380 --> 00:23:43,780 one chance the names by assuming that on the one hand mandatory abandoned the impurities which characterise defiled phenomena, 171 00:23:44,140 --> 00:23:47,980 and on the other that the impurities are perpetually exhausted. 172 00:23:50,290 --> 00:23:55,090 You can see it's there's quite a bit of addition in spread brackets. 173 00:23:55,420 --> 00:24:01,590 It's bit towards passage. And then again Monday. 174 00:24:01,610 --> 00:24:07,700 She is said to give rise to difficult phenomena, but acting as their dominant condition. 175 00:24:07,700 --> 00:24:12,200 I think that the bacteria, but not as their causal condition Hindu criteria. 176 00:24:13,340 --> 00:24:20,870 Similarly she arises on account of them, but defines phenomena are not mind usurious causal condition there. 177 00:24:22,390 --> 00:24:31,270 As for undefiled phenomena, Monday usually is characterised by then he is supported by them, he is suffused by them, and so on and so forth. 178 00:24:33,280 --> 00:24:46,810 The third point concerning the actual ways of chanting the names of my city and it is the section that shows the most textual borrowing, 179 00:24:47,050 --> 00:24:53,710 as we will see in a minute, consists again of three points itself. 180 00:24:54,160 --> 00:25:00,970 The first one concerns the chanting by viewing the names as having the meaning of good qualities 181 00:25:01,360 --> 00:25:06,760 and then qualities in the parameter and in the mantra system are described at some length. 182 00:25:08,020 --> 00:25:21,819 The second point consists in chanting by viewing the names as having the meaning of mantras in which there is a very lengthy discussion. 183 00:25:21,820 --> 00:25:31,660 And actually here is where the textual borrowing from the Last of US commentary begins on the Awakening through the five forms of analysis. 184 00:25:33,920 --> 00:25:42,710 Or the five. Abby Some of it is so mare like noses, noses of equality, discriminating noses, 185 00:25:43,040 --> 00:25:49,730 the noses of the pure atmosphere and access to this then follows a mandala visualisation 186 00:25:50,750 --> 00:25:57,049 with habanero china at the centre and the Ardi Buddha at the centre of my 187 00:25:57,050 --> 00:26:03,020 have I wrote China a wisdom wheel in his heart and my speech on a satellite and 188 00:26:03,020 --> 00:26:08,720 the letter off and then followed by an emanation or reabsorption of libraries. 189 00:26:10,370 --> 00:26:18,650 The text continues with a description of the generation of the 37 duties of the budget atop the Maha Mandala. 190 00:26:19,580 --> 00:26:26,750 So the basic mandala the site about the target that that the sum up plus 16 bodhisattvas. 191 00:26:28,400 --> 00:26:37,160 Then it goes on with the emanation from the letter of the five circles outside the mandala with 192 00:26:37,160 --> 00:26:43,660 a reabsorption of the mandala and to the letter and other similar visualisations for those of, 193 00:26:44,300 --> 00:26:54,560 in the words of a lesser intellect, who are not able to perform such a complicated or complex visualisation as described before. 194 00:26:56,000 --> 00:27:05,810 The third and last point of this last section of the text consists in the chanting by viewing the names as having the meaning of non duality. 195 00:27:07,160 --> 00:27:14,870 And here it also goes into some detail in discussing the concept of the helpfulness and truthfulness. 196 00:27:14,870 --> 00:27:25,490 So Pemberton then parts of the Buddhist speeches and it concludes with three ways of generating non dual dharma to one spend time. 197 00:27:26,390 --> 00:27:29,760 Then there's a very short conclusion and the qualifier. 198 00:27:34,370 --> 00:27:40,550 The text, by the way, begins as other texts, but also abruptly. 199 00:27:40,760 --> 00:27:54,990 That is, it does not have. Kind of a statement of authorship and where now the exact word escapes me. 200 00:27:58,470 --> 00:28:04,940 Kind of it would be in Tibetan, I think. Spiritual worship. 201 00:28:05,420 --> 00:28:16,070 Yes. Thank you very much. And as you would expect at the beginning of the treatises, both in the Indian and the Tibetan tradition. 202 00:28:18,230 --> 00:28:25,430 Now, concerning the textual borrowing in the ancient ship, the main sources of this, 203 00:28:25,430 --> 00:28:35,280 as I have already mentioned, are Villa Saba, Jarrus, Nama, Luchini and other texts by some related generic. 204 00:28:36,050 --> 00:28:41,990 So as for the first one, there are three versions of the Tibetan translation. 205 00:28:45,250 --> 00:28:51,819 So perhaps from the talk from the last version, there is a final real revised, 206 00:28:51,820 --> 00:28:57,670 as I call it, canonical version transmitted into tangled, which goes by the name. 207 00:28:59,640 --> 00:29:06,719 Since Samsung Accidental Number Talwar translated by Smriti Janaki and revised by Vijay 208 00:29:06,720 --> 00:29:12,930 Rupani and look a [INAUDIBLE] up sick who also flourished around the 11th 12th century. 209 00:29:14,010 --> 00:29:24,570 So. Not. Not much later than somebody teaching an occupied self or even one. 210 00:29:25,430 --> 00:29:32,220 And the version contained in the picking. Thank you. States that it was further revised by one nin. 211 00:29:32,690 --> 00:29:38,600 She knew about the identity of this man is not yet entirely clear to me. 212 00:29:40,670 --> 00:29:53,720 There is an intermediate once revised we could say canonical version in the 10th update compiled in the 14th century around 1317 1323, 213 00:29:54,980 --> 00:29:57,140 which goes by the title of. 214 00:29:58,560 --> 00:30:06,820 Slightly different titled Stand up a ship and number Ship but sing a song according to zinc instead of sung accidental number one. 215 00:30:08,460 --> 00:30:16,440 This one, as I said, already translated by Smriti John and revised by Vegeta and look at [INAUDIBLE] up tape that is, 216 00:30:16,440 --> 00:30:20,070 I think, not further revised by this men. 217 00:30:21,180 --> 00:30:32,280 And there is an earlier yet earlier unrevised extra canonical version extant as far as I can tell in a single which in manuscript. 218 00:30:34,040 --> 00:30:38,990 Which goes by the title again numbers but singing nothing bar. 219 00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:46,850 So as you see more similar to the intermediate versions title. 220 00:30:48,960 --> 00:30:55,170 And this, I think is this military genealogy is unrevised. 221 00:30:55,680 --> 00:31:00,630 Translation The call phone, unfortunately, is very hardly legible. 222 00:31:02,640 --> 00:31:08,879 But I think we can make out at least the name of part of the name of Great Kitchen. 223 00:31:08,880 --> 00:31:15,990 And I get this, so I hope it is. Visible, but Hewitt's as guilty. 224 00:31:16,350 --> 00:31:19,460 Beautiful. And so on and so forth. 225 00:31:20,210 --> 00:31:23,210 So at least the name of the translator is secured. 226 00:31:23,690 --> 00:31:27,200 And I do not think that any revise or as mentioned. 227 00:31:29,010 --> 00:31:32,790 And the translation is very different from the other two versions. 228 00:31:32,800 --> 00:31:40,290 So this is also why I think it is assimilated. Nina's Unrevised translation as indicated by the. 229 00:31:43,790 --> 00:31:49,610 So do we could say at the top of the manuscript. So cheap, MA Six, six, seven. 230 00:31:50,960 --> 00:31:54,500 It was probably kept in the general National Park. 231 00:31:58,190 --> 00:32:07,430 And it it is one of those manuscripts which came from outside the Library of Japan, as indicated by Cheat. 232 00:32:09,590 --> 00:32:15,800 However, the double card check published in the early 2000, if I'm not mistaken, 233 00:32:17,420 --> 00:32:25,220 does not include this manuscript because it skips from tumour 665 to tumour 670. 234 00:32:30,800 --> 00:32:43,070 As I will show later. Also, Rosa clearly borrowed from this early unrevised translation of the notes, not from the canonical ones. 235 00:32:45,560 --> 00:32:52,760 The parts of the text that are borrowed are the ones concerned with the generation of the 236 00:32:52,760 --> 00:33:00,030 five forms of analysis and mandala visualisation borrowed from the name of my niece. 237 00:33:00,190 --> 00:33:07,010 Chapter four. Without however the commentary on not singing D 25 to 27. 238 00:33:10,230 --> 00:33:13,050 The same section is can also be seen. 239 00:33:13,380 --> 00:33:25,080 Also occurs however with the commentary in the chewed up matter, which is one of the Sanskrit common sorry commentaries on the name of Sangeeta, 240 00:33:25,200 --> 00:33:35,490 which are still extant in Sanskrit in the large yet unedited manuscript and a shorter section, 241 00:33:35,970 --> 00:33:42,210 also appears to have been borrowed in Ananda Garber's set about little cutie pie showdown at Peacock, 242 00:33:42,630 --> 00:33:47,490 translated by Kumar Asha and troubleshooter also from around the 11th century. 243 00:33:50,690 --> 00:33:54,710 Of course, this text only survives in Tibetan translation. 244 00:33:55,850 --> 00:34:05,930 And this text too, appears to borrow this part of text from the early unrevised translation of the non online content in. 245 00:34:09,950 --> 00:34:21,620 However, there are slight changes in the in the mandala visualisation because it is adapted from the name of intractable Guinea 246 00:34:22,520 --> 00:34:29,750 to this let's say Salvador at the parish hall in a context with some of the vital China at the centre of the Mandela. 247 00:34:33,680 --> 00:34:42,050 The borrowing continues with the generation of the 37 days of the budget at the heart of Muhammad, the last 16 bodhisattvas, 248 00:34:42,530 --> 00:34:46,040 which corresponds to Chapter five of the norm of Antarctica, New Guinea, 249 00:34:47,130 --> 00:34:58,340 and the very final parts of chapters 6 to 10 of the same texts are also borrowed. 250 00:34:59,390 --> 00:35:10,580 This time, less literally, No. In the ensembles description of the emanation from the letter of the five circles outside the budget of Dr. Muhammad. 251 00:35:16,780 --> 00:35:31,480 Now. As for. The other main source of rules on US borrowing or reuse is this metagenomics of these workshop up on global recovery. 252 00:35:32,320 --> 00:35:36,460 That is a commentary on underreport these wash up on ICA. 253 00:35:39,020 --> 00:35:44,870 Now again, the identity of Andrew Body as well is quite disputed. 254 00:35:45,830 --> 00:35:56,420 In the Tibetan tradition, he is usually considered to be the same as Vinessa by John Oliver, as shown by Anthony Tribe, 255 00:35:56,630 --> 00:36:10,460 the Californian of the Palm Leaf manuscript of the commentary that suggests that Andrew Body was actually the maternal uncle of Elizabeth. 256 00:36:11,690 --> 00:36:16,250 So I will consider him to be a different person for the time being. 257 00:36:18,740 --> 00:36:26,000 And this text by Andrew Body was also translated by Smriti, Janu and. 258 00:36:27,820 --> 00:36:33,340 Is also found in an extra canonical version in a human manuscript, 259 00:36:34,030 --> 00:36:44,200 which again bears the same code of the declination Kong as the manuscript containing 260 00:36:44,200 --> 00:36:49,320 the extra canonical Unrevised translation of Elizabeth Gerrard's number one. 261 00:36:52,600 --> 00:36:58,450 The section borrowed from the spirited genealogy of these pretty is the section 262 00:36:58,450 --> 00:37:04,599 commenting on the 12 syllables for art with long citations from in London. 263 00:37:04,600 --> 00:37:09,490 Sri Miyagi Luthra Tantra, which I have not traced yet. 264 00:37:13,160 --> 00:37:20,570 So these verses which I cited actually seem to be found only in the bottles Lopez nonsense ship. 265 00:37:20,720 --> 00:37:24,130 And in spite of these pretty. 266 00:37:26,630 --> 00:37:32,570 Roseanne Barr, by the way, can also be seen to perhaps borrow some ideas, 267 00:37:32,570 --> 00:37:40,840 if not text, literal text from some pretty genealogist own commentary on the people. 268 00:37:41,300 --> 00:37:50,500 Possible. Now to give a few examples of such textual borrowing. 269 00:37:52,900 --> 00:37:58,270 There is what I. For the time being tentatively called non-repeating borrowing. 270 00:38:01,480 --> 00:38:08,500 In which, for instance, in this section dedicated to the noses of equality. 271 00:38:12,010 --> 00:38:22,000 Villa Saavedra. So the part excuse me in In Grey is part of text, which are also kind of ignored, 272 00:38:22,030 --> 00:38:31,149 so to speak, to the part of text in Black is something he is likely rewrites or copies. 273 00:38:31,150 --> 00:38:44,230 And this part, too, has been substituted by Rosenbaum with two paths from the door which express a similar idea. 274 00:38:45,070 --> 00:38:51,070 So now to take a look at it in English translation, which might be faster and easier, 275 00:38:52,600 --> 00:39:00,820 where the lasso vajra states just as phenomena are empty without an essence, so too am I empty and without a self. 276 00:39:01,490 --> 00:39:12,870 Rosenbach Kind of. Quoting the number, The backdoor expresses a similar idea, saying that since all phenomena are naturally pure, 277 00:39:13,110 --> 00:39:20,400 I too am naturally pure, and the concept of purity is very important in the Numa tradition. 278 00:39:20,730 --> 00:39:30,150 This may be one of the reasons why it also, in this specific case, chose not to borrow text verbatim from the classified chirag, 279 00:39:30,150 --> 00:39:40,110 but substituted it, so to speak, with two others from from an authoritative scripture for the tradition. 280 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:50,160 In addition to this non verbatim borrowing, there is also the AC verbatim borrowing. 281 00:39:51,480 --> 00:40:00,120 So without taking a look at this in its entirety, let's say that Rousseau simply skips some words here and there, 282 00:40:01,110 --> 00:40:06,960 but reproducing the text practically verbatim from de la Salvadorans commentary. 283 00:40:12,050 --> 00:40:14,120 Now to show you that rules of. 284 00:40:16,670 --> 00:40:26,870 Borrowed, clearly borrowed from the Unrevised extra canonical translation of philosopher Janus commentary and not from the canonical one. 285 00:40:28,040 --> 00:40:37,940 Let's take a look to some translation differences between these two versions and also Byzantine text. 286 00:40:41,720 --> 00:40:50,840 So this short Sanskrit phrase said about the target on Malabar somebody some up on them. 287 00:40:51,380 --> 00:41:04,490 So with all the target as head ornaments immersed in meditative concentration, here are clearly the parts in italics are the ones that interest us, 288 00:41:04,790 --> 00:41:09,680 and the blue ones are the canonical ones, and the green ones are the actual canonical. 289 00:41:10,250 --> 00:41:21,860 So Mahabharata has been translated as Rajini Ganga and sum up as large number, but in the canonical version, 290 00:41:22,280 --> 00:41:32,690 while the extra canonical version shows the translation gaining for my partner and simply tending Themba for some up on them. 291 00:41:33,140 --> 00:41:36,440 And this is exactly what we find in the text. 292 00:41:36,770 --> 00:41:46,300 So getting this thing in Zintan that. Similarly, in the compound state of Virginia, Chinese know they are khanum. 293 00:41:46,900 --> 00:41:58,000 So the cause of the arising of the noses of the ammunition, once the very last word corona is translated GQ in the canonical version, 294 00:41:58,450 --> 00:42:03,790 or rather I should say maybe revised, it has been revised in the canonical version. 295 00:42:04,540 --> 00:42:11,380 While the initial unrevised translation has kin, as does the bronze on text. 296 00:42:13,910 --> 00:42:20,350 Perhaps one last example. Which also shows, by the way, the. 297 00:42:21,380 --> 00:42:31,340 The superiority, we could say, of the in many places, not in all places, but in many places of the early unrevised translation, 298 00:42:31,340 --> 00:42:40,250 meaning that it reflects more faithfully the underlined Sanskrit than the revised canonical one. 299 00:42:42,080 --> 00:42:48,640 This happens, of course, with many. Revisions which ended up in the ten year. 300 00:42:52,540 --> 00:43:03,820 So again, maybe the word boutique is translated by Cuba in the canonical one and nibble in the extra one. 301 00:43:04,180 --> 00:43:08,470 And again, it also shows the extra canonical reading. 302 00:43:09,640 --> 00:43:19,560 And here, most importantly. The this long sentence so paramount that shut them back. 303 00:43:19,560 --> 00:43:34,260 Shut on car and put on a car. I'm gonna say it is translated correctly but let's say ten number you drew or shut up I'm it. 304 00:43:34,560 --> 00:43:44,160 So Sharon the king in Google car number in the extra canonical one and this is indeed again that also is reading 305 00:43:44,940 --> 00:43:54,540 the canonical version somehow reads instead of ten number two you took time to kick in etc. reads ten number. 306 00:43:54,540 --> 00:44:04,110 Yes. [INAUDIBLE] cheeky jaguar you get actually so clearly not reflecting the Sanskrit, the underlined Sanskrit. 307 00:44:08,660 --> 00:44:14,170 Okay. Now, in conclusion, 308 00:44:14,170 --> 00:44:31,510 perhaps since I hope we are a little bit more familiar with the sources of borrowing and mainly the sources of the Indian sources of his borrowing, 309 00:44:31,870 --> 00:44:36,460 I would like to go back to the issue of the authorship of the text. 310 00:44:36,940 --> 00:44:48,480 So if you remember Rousseau commentary in addition to being found in also collected works is also transmitted in the penguin. 311 00:44:49,510 --> 00:44:56,460 So of course there is an issue of authorship, meaning that is this text. 312 00:44:56,500 --> 00:44:59,170 Is this a translation of an Indian text? 313 00:45:00,560 --> 00:45:17,740 It as also again argued by Wootton, the text found in the ten year or rather its authoritative ness or authenticity was doubt by Wootton anyways. 314 00:45:18,430 --> 00:45:25,570 I would like to argue, as has already been done by Dr. Owen and McGee, that there is no doubt for. 315 00:45:27,700 --> 00:45:37,420 For not considering the text as being authored by Alonzo, but in this can be perhaps argued through the following points. 316 00:45:39,490 --> 00:45:46,900 Again, as already mentioned at the beginning of a commentary on the numbers, MVP is mentioned, 317 00:45:47,410 --> 00:45:54,220 albeit without a typo in Roman members, so it also has disciples list of rules on those works. 318 00:45:55,390 --> 00:46:03,130 So even though a specific title is not mentioned, at least we can take for certain that Rosalba. 319 00:46:04,240 --> 00:46:13,000 Excuse me. I wrote a commentary on the Nelson runs on both sides, the numbers and elsewhere in his works. 320 00:46:13,930 --> 00:46:16,840 This may not be a very strong point. 321 00:46:18,730 --> 00:46:28,170 However, at least these verses that he cites in the Clinton tale are also cited various times in the numbers and shape up. 322 00:46:30,540 --> 00:46:36,990 Unlike this very famous verse from the non-Muslim needy people singing Angel not 323 00:46:37,000 --> 00:46:47,610 to warm there and won't dwell on the variance that one can find in this verse. 324 00:46:47,700 --> 00:46:51,570 But I think it's a rather often quoted verse. 325 00:46:52,410 --> 00:47:04,230 It can also be found with a slight difference in the gospel, and it is cited by Rosalba and his children. 326 00:47:05,880 --> 00:47:15,420 So in his investigation of the two vehicles, but it is surprisingly not cited nor commented on in the Notes Sheva. 327 00:47:16,540 --> 00:47:28,390 So in his commentary on the Nelson meeting, which, by the way, indeed does not comment on each and every non-Muslim verse where rather cites verses. 328 00:47:30,510 --> 00:47:40,630 That, according to Roseanne Barr. Show or teach various aspects of Montessori, for instance. 329 00:47:43,510 --> 00:47:50,499 In the section concerning Manju SRI as one who pervades all phenomena. 330 00:47:50,500 --> 00:47:59,410 Roles above would cite a verse from the scene in which she is described as the Pervaiz or somebody who pervades and. 331 00:48:00,580 --> 00:48:09,709 So on and so forth. Again, the third point, maybe slightly more significant, 332 00:48:09,710 --> 00:48:17,810 is that among the very few scriptures quoted in the Nancy Sheva, only three in total, if I'm not mistaken, 333 00:48:18,950 --> 00:48:24,740 very significant are the Bush tantra in 80 or 82 chapters, 334 00:48:24,830 --> 00:48:33,410 also known as the young to get chopped up and the vegetables had done in 75 chapters or Dodger Cooper Or about the middle. 335 00:48:37,090 --> 00:48:50,260 Actually the verse quoted by Rousseau, apart from the Boucher tantrum he quotes only without providing, by the way, the source of his quotations. 336 00:48:50,950 --> 00:48:58,390 He never does so in the and shiver. He simply says in some other text it is stated thus, etc. 337 00:48:58,990 --> 00:49:07,210 So he quotes two fathers, and only the second one precisely corresponds to a powder found in the bottom. 338 00:49:07,870 --> 00:49:17,230 While the first one may be a rewriting or a summary of three other orders from the character. 339 00:49:18,160 --> 00:49:27,680 While the quotation from the middle of again only two part as is verbatim as you would find it in the middle. 340 00:49:28,630 --> 00:49:35,500 So again, the Rosenbach, as is well known, wrote a commentary on the copper tundra, 341 00:49:36,400 --> 00:49:43,570 the kinship bell, and he cites the large review at tundra, both the short and the long version. 342 00:49:44,170 --> 00:49:50,500 Numerous times in his three main works, the times of dogged the kinship bell and the picture of. 343 00:49:51,970 --> 00:50:06,000 And as we saw above, Rusal reuses these two powders on the go, but do better to rephrase a concept found in less about China's. 344 00:50:13,390 --> 00:50:16,480 It's difficult because it's a human moment. 345 00:50:16,750 --> 00:50:23,650 Yes. I think this is the last page. As we've seen above. 346 00:50:25,420 --> 00:50:32,889 In the name kinship. Others heavy reliance on textual material associated with the subcultural meaning that he 347 00:50:32,890 --> 00:50:38,980 borrows from his commentary on the nationality and associated with assimilated genealogist, 348 00:50:40,150 --> 00:50:53,620 who translated the commentary by philosopher Jack and who wrote a commentary on Elizabeth Girard's maternal uncle's sadhana, 349 00:50:54,340 --> 00:50:57,440 and who also wrote a commentary on the Savita. 350 00:50:59,180 --> 00:51:08,290 Now, as for the, let's say, association between the rules and the classified chapters, 351 00:51:08,740 --> 00:51:16,310 the genealogy of Pete Rose on vice credited with the translation of two works by be less about Jerome or mythology. 352 00:51:17,990 --> 00:51:26,510 Again, the authorship of many works ascribed to Gigabyte Dorjee or Dorjee or Leena. 353 00:51:26,840 --> 00:51:29,630 It is very disputed and complicated. 354 00:51:31,490 --> 00:51:39,770 At any rate, one of these translation is transmitted in the tenure and the second one is transmitted in also as collected works. 355 00:51:40,670 --> 00:51:53,870 However, as noted by Tashi Dogen, this second one, rather, appears to be a ritual rearrangement compiled by arrows, but from the classified text, 356 00:51:55,700 --> 00:51:59,690 as also argued by Professor Dorjee in a recent blog post, 357 00:52:00,110 --> 00:52:07,790 and also by most likely derived his knowledge of the function of Mandala and cut out tantra and its idea of the well put up. 358 00:52:07,790 --> 00:52:17,809 Rumi's, which he alludes to in two works of is from the last seven Judas and then eight which side seven has 359 00:52:17,810 --> 00:52:27,860 on the 12th is from this picture in full so evidently the held be less about should I in high esteem. 360 00:52:29,140 --> 00:52:38,380 Or at any rate, he based his ideas, many of his ideas or some of his ideas, rather sorry on his words. 361 00:52:39,310 --> 00:52:44,980 And as for the association between Rosenbaum's Rudy Giuliani's gift, as mentioned earlier, 362 00:52:45,550 --> 00:52:50,770 Rosen by said to have been either the student or the reincarnation of the stated generic GOP. 363 00:52:51,190 --> 00:52:57,280 And here he is also credited with a commentary on the latter's grammar, the mangled search at Abu. 364 00:52:59,990 --> 00:53:04,190 This is the last page, I promise. 365 00:53:06,070 --> 00:53:18,280 Perhaps the strongest point not to doubt Rosenberg's authorship of this text is that we can find many passages in the nonsense Sherpa, 366 00:53:18,910 --> 00:53:24,100 which are very similar to other passages in other works by Rosalba. 367 00:53:24,880 --> 00:53:34,600 So, for instance, this very short phrase in one in numbers, in the numbers in Sherpa is found almost verbatim in the print. 368 00:53:34,600 --> 00:53:48,480 Up to date, only one people and longer ones are found variously in the kinship objets or the commentary on the book Aqaba and also in his book. 369 00:53:49,150 --> 00:53:54,460 Yes, I'm finished. Thank you very much for your patience and attention.