1
00:00:00,420 --> 00:00:05,770
So thank you for that. Now we decided, do you want him?

2
00:00:05,770 --> 00:00:11,160
Share want to share the chicken [INAUDIBLE]? I was tank organisers.

3
00:00:11,160 --> 00:00:19,200
Dr. Whelan and Dr. Wendy two for giving me this opportunity to present my ongoing work on Tango's.

4
00:00:19,200 --> 00:00:24,140
It is the last presentation, so please bear with me.

5
00:00:24,140 --> 00:00:32,710
And as it is ongoing work, there will be for the work added to this.

6
00:00:32,710 --> 00:00:58,030
So I just showed my presentation. Start.

7
00:00:58,030 --> 00:01:05,580
These on only, it is visible. Yes, it is.

8
00:01:05,580 --> 00:01:10,460
OK, you couldn't just make one one space on, I'd say, Leon.

9
00:01:10,460 --> 00:01:15,300
Let's see if this moves properly. Yes. Yes.

10
00:01:15,300 --> 00:01:27,200
Well, what do you think? Thank you. So today's presentation that I'm presenting, minus those two long lost art of Cholita, doesn't go to Roger.

11
00:01:27,200 --> 00:01:37,370
And it is based on the border of oncologic cogito studies and through anthropology and long ecological studies.

12
00:01:37,370 --> 00:01:42,110
And it is actually a desert outflow project I did with the fall of his department.

13
00:01:42,110 --> 00:01:46,000
And the next phase will be starting sometime later.

14
00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:56,390
The data that I have chosen for this topic is what started I wasn't going to do essentially symbolised the

15
00:01:56,390 --> 00:02:04,990
ownership and thus all the needed to once done good community enjoyed a would was semiarid drive drive.

16
00:02:04,990 --> 00:02:12,860
So Central Maharastra and I wouldn't be talking about the recent changes that are happening in the historical spaces of then goes.

17
00:02:12,860 --> 00:02:26,440
So to start with myself, my study actually begin with the various disputes that were deported from no different park management and retrained.

18
00:02:26,440 --> 00:02:32,000
And all of this was taken by Forest Department that the just go management systems,

19
00:02:32,000 --> 00:02:41,030
which were looking after it or managing this land landscape had good in direct conflict with traditional livelihoods and then goes in districts.

20
00:02:41,030 --> 00:02:50,420
So this Potosí perceived conflict was because it was viewed or misunderstood or understood that

21
00:02:50,420 --> 00:02:56,480
then the community's livelihood is the major cause of degradation of the landscapes in this area,

22
00:02:56,480 --> 00:02:59,990
which are already scanty and a meagre resource.

23
00:02:59,990 --> 00:03:11,630
And it is impossible for the grassland wildlife to exist, coexist with the Dangote, who are the traditional occupants of this area,

24
00:03:11,630 --> 00:03:17,420
but are always viewed as an opportunity, opportunistic outsiders who went into villages.

25
00:03:17,420 --> 00:03:26,000
When I you guys have their homeland, the the the village social society views them as opportunistic outsiders that

26
00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:32,150
exploiting the local resources or sharing it in a disproportionate manner.

27
00:03:32,150 --> 00:03:40,630
So with this problem, there would be yesterday's commission and I tried to study the nature of interaction between grassland.

28
00:03:40,630 --> 00:03:49,490
Congo's once and other grassland float, a whole nother disinhibit and crazy ecological and cultural associations on Congos with the landscape.

29
00:03:49,490 --> 00:04:06,170
So this was a joint and Devoto for is Department of State media, civil society organisations that individual soldiers.

30
00:04:06,170 --> 00:04:12,450
Little move, though. OK.

31
00:04:12,450 --> 00:04:22,770
Oh, my. Oh, research methode. I first started by defining the geographical area of the study based on ecology and demography so that you

32
00:04:22,770 --> 00:04:30,690
could argue of gross natural is considered and the demography of the population exist was looked at for this,

33
00:04:30,690 --> 00:04:35,400
had a view of the previous literature by its caudillos, organisers working with them.

34
00:04:35,400 --> 00:04:41,250
Good. And also starting at the moment, bodices I would go across NJ on holiday have changed over time.

35
00:04:41,250 --> 00:04:47,730
And also the latest, while this is related to the livestock management and nomadic tribes and the Ovadia schedules,

36
00:04:47,730 --> 00:04:53,940
awful Miletic tribes and the rights that God given to radio strifes so oh,

37
00:04:53,940 --> 00:05:00,710
for my study I interviewed tons of communities in various places and also the organisations were working with them on.

38
00:05:00,710 --> 00:05:08,460
I visited multiple times 22 sites in the in this area and three sites with single was it.

39
00:05:08,460 --> 00:05:13,560
I also attended the joint meeting of stakeholders at Munish, which would be why they signed Judee,

40
00:05:13,560 --> 00:05:25,520
which was major point of contention and conflict, which you all and participated in the internal meetings of Dingo's in various areas.

41
00:05:25,520 --> 00:05:33,960
More field observations one made during the great season on migration. When I walked with the and got off from work Wooding,

42
00:05:33,960 --> 00:05:43,230
I'm gonna go to the whole to understand the understanding and see how things really happen on ground.

43
00:05:43,230 --> 00:05:49,320
Along with this, additionally, I visited undocumented don't control shrines, but Google sites and festivals.

44
00:05:49,320 --> 00:05:54,240
And initially I thought there would exist some sort of second to do data which would help us

45
00:05:54,240 --> 00:06:01,800
understand the cracks and how the idea was mocked of the movement of goods and how did it all was.

46
00:06:01,800 --> 00:06:06,720
But unfortunately, that is not rigorous data which is available.

47
00:06:06,720 --> 00:06:16,500
So I actually am right now making trying to do the maths far from as it is of the study that I've been doing.

48
00:06:16,500 --> 00:06:20,730
Of course, we get some great insights from studies of doctors on Timecode,

49
00:06:20,730 --> 00:06:28,620
which he has done before, and this order that guided doublets and the life support for the book.

50
00:06:28,620 --> 00:06:37,890
If you look at the previous walk that has contributed to the study of ghosts, it falls under the command of a graphic at moment of research.

51
00:06:37,890 --> 00:06:41,640
So we have no listeners, doctor, on time.

52
00:06:41,640 --> 00:06:47,070
We're working on it in our field. Does the landscape you design folk culture.

53
00:06:47,070 --> 00:06:50,550
Some of that work is also done by Kings drops.

54
00:06:50,550 --> 00:06:58,020
So when he started the genetics cost structure, then distribution of disentanglement groups that we see here along with modern godhood,

55
00:06:58,020 --> 00:07:01,680
he has also attempted to study the ecology of government hunger's.

56
00:07:01,680 --> 00:07:05,160
Not to go with him. That is another subset within the community.

57
00:07:05,160 --> 00:07:11,250
We should be not looking at two dates in which they decided in their harvesting contract each other.

58
00:07:11,250 --> 00:07:17,530
Richard in Flora, Fauna and Doe has come and go and get our musket.

59
00:07:17,530 --> 00:07:27,270
And guns are predominantly then the buffaloes and collars as against the checkpoints that we see in the case had good dingoes.

60
00:07:27,270 --> 00:07:34,780
We have some interesting observations coming from duty equals unbe. A generator has been extensively studied this setting the subject.

61
00:07:34,780 --> 00:07:41,970
And we what we could research it and it just goes on condition for guards, bulletin boards, et cetera.

62
00:07:41,970 --> 00:07:45,960
This sort of great ancient tomes called us like you did it.

63
00:07:45,960 --> 00:07:55,230
And Dr. Anthony Housman and I noted, also documented and studied the narratives and media hungry always and from moment to post.

64
00:07:55,230 --> 00:07:58,380
But do we have so much stuff within Wolke from Dr Prakash boy,

65
00:07:58,380 --> 00:08:05,340
that he is looking at the moment in economics, O'Connell's ecosystem and monitoring the changes over time?

66
00:08:05,340 --> 00:08:12,430
I suppose it's all good. I'll just Coxsone. We have got a kid who we could excluding biggest sites in India, right?

67
00:08:12,430 --> 00:08:19,130
Anthrax is prominent amongst which is the chocolatey beta site off in Ongo.

68
00:08:19,130 --> 00:08:28,050
He also tried to understand archaeology as a function of enlightenment, which provides some interesting insights in looking at what you could find.

69
00:08:28,050 --> 00:08:33,100
Unfortunately, the centre Maharastra, there are not many sites which are reported and studied.

70
00:08:33,100 --> 00:08:41,910
We go further north of the archaeological material and the few megalithic sites have been reported from the eastern Maharashtra and without a book.

71
00:08:41,910 --> 00:08:48,280
We just started by moving in. The scholars from the college and we have seen what that could go.

72
00:08:48,280 --> 00:08:52,530
Studying the money would be singled out for logical sites.

73
00:08:52,530 --> 00:09:04,230
As I go next to that, while the sub group that I'm trying to focus on today, it is that the done that is predominantly all nomadic bestor community.

74
00:09:04,230 --> 00:09:10,670
And the largest number of this community includes the hunger's, which I worried about today.

75
00:09:10,670 --> 00:09:19,010
Casey. And his study defines list out 33 different cell cost within this then good community.

76
00:09:19,010 --> 00:09:26,690
And they share common artist Olema similar origins and occupy mutually exclusive spaces across Modesto.

77
00:09:26,690 --> 00:09:29,060
Good. I'm good. On northern Florida,

78
00:09:29,060 --> 00:09:38,660
that exclusive you put with trees and introductions of characters and goats that have sort of let our economies in the past and development.

79
00:09:38,660 --> 00:09:45,830
But they're not engaged in the wheel, living as it is a scene in the in the case of there's a cost of convos.

80
00:09:45,830 --> 00:09:54,320
And as I said, they occupy the dry side, muted tracks, which actually falls under the district, such as the not from not from an undue boundary.

81
00:09:54,320 --> 00:10:03,440
Not sick. No. To on the way to go to another giallo would hana loba booty.

82
00:10:03,440 --> 00:10:08,090
I can also not push was my no bother. And we also have some drosnin tracks even then.

83
00:10:08,090 --> 00:10:12,550
Yeah. With my boot. It's a dry and cool ideas but the population are quite good.

84
00:10:12,550 --> 00:10:17,530
Dundar, which I'm talking about essentially is restricted to the district. I have mentioned you.

85
00:10:17,530 --> 00:10:25,330
Yeah, the whole goddamn good is essentially in the in the eastern part of Western Horesh drug medius villages and west

86
00:10:25,330 --> 00:10:34,400
done what I caught up and often as a part of this is the migration did migrate to Google contracts post Munsell.

87
00:10:34,400 --> 00:10:40,900
So this is the map which was done in nineteen eighties by KCMO Luthra and Mondo Guarda.

88
00:10:40,900 --> 00:10:46,870
Given that, given the distribution of radius indigenous I.

89
00:10:46,870 --> 00:10:55,070
But and I see I have fallen had gotten lost ranging from Godwyn and Goodbar to almost Illouz motherboard.

90
00:10:55,070 --> 00:10:59,930
And we also see that good had God intended audience Dawngate.

91
00:10:59,930 --> 00:11:08,630
These are the communities we shared a common origin and ancestry coming to the landscape that I'm talking about.

92
00:11:08,630 --> 00:11:13,890
You're looking at the grass, not landscapes, which has been branded as broad ecosystem.

93
00:11:13,890 --> 00:11:18,400
Mine has been classified as wastelands because of the lack of democratising plonks.

94
00:11:18,400 --> 00:11:29,680
It's it's to be. So because there was no woodblocks that could be extracted and the lesser included

95
00:11:29,680 --> 00:11:34,910
less biomass which can be harvested for any sort of industrial production.

96
00:11:34,910 --> 00:11:44,600
It has been classified as waste light. And yet we know that around fifteen point six million hectares of land is

97
00:11:44,600 --> 00:11:49,310
documented as whistlin and is used as a grazing fault actively used for grazing.

98
00:11:49,310 --> 00:11:55,450
And there is no acknowledgement of this sort of utilisation that we see here.

99
00:11:55,450 --> 00:12:00,220
See, water availability is a limiting factor for these good.

100
00:12:00,220 --> 00:12:05,410
And you also know that these out there look into the history and you did.

101
00:12:05,410 --> 00:12:13,850
But that law also shaped as a farm because of the activity I need to intimations of humans.

102
00:12:13,850 --> 00:12:18,710
Injuries. If you look at the officiant, all this was a goal made of grasslands.

103
00:12:18,710 --> 00:12:24,110
They had been flying or taking the view of colonial policies.

104
00:12:24,110 --> 00:12:30,470
And most of the recent past, we see that the revenue department and budget,

105
00:12:30,470 --> 00:12:35,930
Gump and judge and in villages isn't good is in the days of ink on the deal of engineer Malaysians.

106
00:12:35,930 --> 00:12:42,170
So then, boss, we had a lack of new Delamar demarcated as Geita in many villages,

107
00:12:42,170 --> 00:12:51,050
which was shared grassland area for the locals as well as those who engage in trons two months later.

108
00:12:51,050 --> 00:12:58,670
We see that increasingly many of the gold mis schemes implementation the land that has been local before and Lipmann settlement.

109
00:12:58,670 --> 00:13:05,810
Audy habilitation is the guidelines. I mean, and with the increase in dominie go good agriculture and Woolstock design and

110
00:13:05,810 --> 00:13:11,240
also brought under Agricola or even sometimes leased out to industry and so on.

111
00:13:11,240 --> 00:13:13,810
If you look at the minded solution forestry department,

112
00:13:13,810 --> 00:13:25,460
we see that in order to improve the productivity of this land and this notion has been dead as a start in the forest.

113
00:13:25,460 --> 00:13:33,890
Researching certainly demonstrates that there has been intensive irrigation intensive Dep't audition's which happen on many of the grasslands,

114
00:13:33,890 --> 00:13:39,370
which require quite a huge capital investment and actually do not use that sort of good result.

115
00:13:39,370 --> 00:13:43,620
And if you look at wildlife conservation, well, protecting the various national parks and Sanju,

116
00:13:43,620 --> 00:13:51,720
these fencing is a one way in which they kind of try to protect the grasslands and not allowing the wild

117
00:13:51,720 --> 00:14:00,800
left to go beyond the fences and also not allowing the traditional herders to come inside the sanctuary.

118
00:14:00,800 --> 00:14:06,630
But if you study ecologically, the grasslands skip is actually a function of weak monsoon,

119
00:14:06,630 --> 00:14:11,270
less eventful, and it is shaped by humans over centuries and.

120
00:14:11,270 --> 00:14:17,570
It is used by humans all throughout St. Jude and because it's extremely productive

121
00:14:17,570 --> 00:14:21,770
and is resilient to unpredictable nature of changing climatic conditions.

122
00:14:21,770 --> 00:14:26,600
It's a young ecosystem that sends out young ecosystems that good carbon sequestration abilities in

123
00:14:26,600 --> 00:14:32,310
the form of the rootstocks and this support and I should be water conduit by lift populations.

124
00:14:32,310 --> 00:14:39,170
There's a fast growing livelihoods, livestock adapting livelihoods, especially for the marginalised nomadic communities.

125
00:14:39,170 --> 00:14:47,630
And if you look at the national figures for people as in GDP in SEMIARID, Ada's is the entrepreneur advice immediate area and 70 percent agriculture.

126
00:14:47,630 --> 00:14:53,690
GDP is from livestock trading. But if you look at the Maharashtra, the state average,

127
00:14:53,690 --> 00:15:00,980
we have around three twenty three thousand two hundred and nineteen schools number doesn't drosnin it ageing in the area.

128
00:15:00,980 --> 00:15:08,310
I'm just excited mention which reaches on the grassland and which forms 30 percent of those DHC media,

129
00:15:08,310 --> 00:15:12,560
those ranking second in terms of the ecological issues that it offers.

130
00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:16,730
So if you look at the map, Hulett, this is a map of rainfall in Maharastra.

131
00:15:16,730 --> 00:15:26,770
And this yellow region is roughly the region that I'm talking about is the semiarid track that we see which are occupied by the.

132
00:15:26,770 --> 00:15:32,740
And this is. Don't pick Joe just to give an idea. This isn't monsoon.

133
00:15:32,740 --> 00:15:40,180
This is how we've looks. This is a picture I tried to trace back some of the pre and wrote historic story.

134
00:15:40,180 --> 00:15:45,310
Canuto then goes and Bastardo nomadism in this landscape.

135
00:15:45,310 --> 00:15:55,630
So if this is look at the genetics, we know that the historical distribution presented on that cost is Deserto migration happen from Lonnqvist,

136
00:15:55,630 --> 00:16:00,910
India, between 4000 to 1000 B.C., as the origin tells us.

137
00:16:00,910 --> 00:16:05,250
And we also get evidence of domestication of sheep and Mesolithic sites.

138
00:16:05,250 --> 00:16:12,460
And I'm going to be on bulgogi and just on. So as you put it, it has already said sheep domestication, the oldest target here.

139
00:16:12,460 --> 00:16:20,290
And as we enter the Neolithic Jörg galactic age, we see that men hunting gravity functions have in all sorts,

140
00:16:20,290 --> 00:16:26,280
supplemented by the pessary, local agriculture economy with that of Neolithic cause Jodan.

141
00:16:26,280 --> 00:16:31,830
Well, I don't do this sort of new copper and bronze tools been introduced.

142
00:16:31,830 --> 00:16:35,690
So or so we see the very strong and Jue.

143
00:16:35,690 --> 00:16:40,690
So nudity. KUCZEK Political justice are done good. If you look at this one time,

144
00:16:40,690 --> 00:16:47,050
one study he drew to the study of older traditions of existing Schepper cause he explains

145
00:16:47,050 --> 00:16:53,020
that group of original Gagen keeping local farming stock which stayed in villages,

146
00:16:53,020 --> 00:17:00,000
later adopted nomadic pastoralism. And we have archaeological studies pointing out that the antiquity of sheep

147
00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:04,100
Mustonen Systems in this region plausibly goes back to Neolithic political,

148
00:17:04,100 --> 00:17:11,230
just as developed as an offshoot of an entire village buscaglia keeping agriculture mode of production.

149
00:17:11,230 --> 00:17:23,760
So as we come down through all through the timeline, we see that megalithic Irish culture is being imported from eastern Maharastra.

150
00:17:23,760 --> 00:17:32,890
We strophe it age to 1000 BCE and the imported Technology Canada wants it brings is the introduction of Audience, an association of horse.

151
00:17:32,890 --> 00:17:39,220
This association is also very significant to the nomadic and village based communities and say mated regions,

152
00:17:39,220 --> 00:17:49,960
one minute growing and and the pastures have been utilising horses very effectively for the migration and the mobility.

153
00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:53,480
If you look at the actual evidence, it goes back to an unpleasant duty.

154
00:17:53,480 --> 00:18:00,820
But we see that hunger has the most. How about this landscape and is mentioned in this early mediaeval Marathi literature?

155
00:18:00,820 --> 00:18:06,010
Is this a little stuff that goes golden goodbyes? A lot of good Borza from gonococcus.

156
00:18:06,010 --> 00:18:15,190
They Bronto from the from you do. Then you will have adopted or disseminated region resorting to increase reliance on sheep pastoralism.

157
00:18:15,190 --> 00:18:20,050
So essentially Delacombe by the new grasslands of our lands that we see in distress.

158
00:18:20,050 --> 00:18:25,900
If you look at there are heavy challenges in terms of looking at the archaeological dissertation or tracing it back,

159
00:18:25,900 --> 00:18:29,930
because it is hardly any more disputable to miss in this area.

160
00:18:29,930 --> 00:18:33,440
But I said, but, dad, we see that duty goes on.

161
00:18:33,440 --> 00:18:41,910
He has tried to delay it and associated the traditional culture sites, but he found something started to do the antiquity,

162
00:18:41,910 --> 00:18:51,070
although and although occupational bastardly nomadism, Hollywood, there have been some questions raised by the shooting at Morgan in that regard.

163
00:18:51,070 --> 00:18:57,820
I suppose a more in-depth and what is needed to document the go cosines as well as the duck.

164
00:18:57,820 --> 00:19:02,200
I know the Bulas image that one finds in that area. In my study,

165
00:19:02,200 --> 00:19:09,310
I tried to look at the psychological dependence to understand how that connected with this landscape

166
00:19:09,310 --> 00:19:16,150
that I tried to understand that exact understanding of the landscape and how they have adapted to it.

167
00:19:16,150 --> 00:19:21,310
So then knowledge about the landscape, how this got the idea how to manage the grassland,

168
00:19:21,310 --> 00:19:30,220
what are the seasons radiant and what are that up to strategies as they have taken and how?

169
00:19:30,220 --> 00:19:36,360
I have interviewed them about the migration route, documented the dwelling sites, the religion region, religious sites,

170
00:19:36,360 --> 00:19:42,730
Nunga, most of the religious sites that I've documented, which are related to the hundreds of these little babies.

171
00:19:42,730 --> 00:19:49,960
But we also look at our small shrines on the way along the migration routes, as well as in their release sites,

172
00:19:49,960 --> 00:19:56,420
which also a good attention and BCO you multimode off a good amount of ancestral WILKSHIRE.

173
00:19:56,420 --> 00:20:01,200
Well, in what? In their daily to religious activities.

174
00:20:01,200 --> 00:20:05,390
I have also tried to map the Yolly culture that's gone into that.

175
00:20:05,390 --> 00:20:17,410
Then I'm not gonna do it. I and just follow, which actually again is a schedule around the seasonality and the ecological aspects of the Goslins.

176
00:20:17,410 --> 00:20:26,260
In the course of this study, I try and documenting that graphic information about various names coming analogy's uses doesn't belong to.

177
00:20:26,260 --> 00:20:33,650
Is that armoured properties of the Florida and associational with fall nine domes of stories?

178
00:20:33,650 --> 00:20:38,500
None of it is myths and so on. He had a sure in this image.

179
00:20:38,500 --> 00:20:43,990
Well, what I do, dwelling places I've guns based on Google bending is at entry mode of life.

180
00:20:43,990 --> 00:20:55,190
As I stood a row due to the exposure of urbanisation, globalisation, we see that then what I do of different modes of lifestyle that I've noticed.

181
00:20:55,190 --> 00:20:59,080
Good by. Good as an coping strategy.

182
00:20:59,080 --> 00:21:07,150
So you do not find a God who is constantly on the move, but you might find who is the deciding in open grassland.

183
00:21:07,150 --> 00:21:13,550
Do you know he you know, he may have will no house back in this room.

184
00:21:13,550 --> 00:21:17,110
You also see that there are this very fortified,

185
00:21:17,110 --> 00:21:25,630
strong made hardwood or sheep bend which are built by our motives for who stole the sheep and make sure that they're protected against wolves.

186
00:21:25,630 --> 00:21:31,990
But increasingly, we also see that for the for the sake of education and executed,

187
00:21:31,990 --> 00:21:41,770
do all of the human folks and the old people that are resorting to stay in the boot homes as we see to it and as are more as they are off,

188
00:21:41,770 --> 00:21:48,970
the more robust and more off life we see that they are slowly don't to it and drink more.

189
00:21:48,970 --> 00:21:53,560
Tracing back I o one find some trace in his body.

190
00:21:53,560 --> 00:21:58,370
Few traces of McGinity culture in the facts. I'm talking about here.

191
00:21:58,370 --> 00:22:06,610
That is a sign of being bushell deportation should do. Then there was a stolen Sokal excavated which nicha.

192
00:22:06,610 --> 00:22:11,000
Which actually led oncolytic dude. Which is that you know do they not.

193
00:22:11,000 --> 00:22:17,820
Which was excavated by. But because the. And we also see very interesting association along the tracks.

194
00:22:17,820 --> 00:22:23,190
You know this mostly gullets that. And there was also a stone circle in Bossidy.

195
00:22:23,190 --> 00:22:30,280
Yeah. Well I'll just I'll bulb's up on it. We just got you visited and visited by getting paid homage to.

196
00:22:30,280 --> 00:22:34,790
So there are this cogito site which had been documented before.

197
00:22:34,790 --> 00:22:41,110
And in my study, I also get a look at us and this sort of megalithic tradition not to make an ethical joke

198
00:22:41,110 --> 00:22:47,410
which candidate had long ago needed because Boser deal go partly and partly assemblage.

199
00:22:47,410 --> 00:22:55,600
But they see that this sort of stuff, just Stoller's I've got to looking at like structures are erected by the hand of God to commemorate the dead.

200
00:22:55,600 --> 00:23:01,330
And also that has been the tradition of erecting up the stone in the middle.

201
00:23:01,330 --> 00:23:05,840
Well. And collecting it with the Y. You go to Blue Blueprint. Well I just got to wait.

202
00:23:05,840 --> 00:23:11,820
Is identified as Darren. Which is very different from what does the cargo bay that one finds in go uncle.

203
00:23:11,820 --> 00:23:20,110
Good idea. If you look at the habitation site, as I said, up archaeology it by the canals, you have them in this box.

204
00:23:20,110 --> 00:23:24,210
And here you can see it on you. Knee. Neilan knee high.

205
00:23:24,210 --> 00:23:30,790
So let's talk just we just used to set up all season mountain counting the Canadia and.

206
00:23:30,790 --> 00:23:35,950
Then go out with a gun was on not reality. Simply with a plastic sheet for the photo.

207
00:23:35,950 --> 00:23:39,670
Oh sure you did. That s a d buried by time. Good woman.

208
00:23:39,670 --> 00:23:44,400
And then goes M says and these are not very heavy fortified looking.

209
00:23:44,400 --> 00:23:52,150
What is Ibru it on mulches for the sheep. And we just found spread across this area.

210
00:23:52,150 --> 00:23:55,360
If you look at ancestor worship, then I'm very type one.

211
00:23:55,360 --> 00:24:05,050
Just one can come across. You see that many times the ancestors are presented as as a condo above it with his wife.

212
00:24:05,050 --> 00:24:10,870
And sometimes there are multiple wives which are depicted along with a horde, a horse and a dog.

213
00:24:10,870 --> 00:24:17,170
So these are some of the. This might be, I don't know, one 50 year old, as I was told.

214
00:24:17,170 --> 00:24:25,240
And some recent ones, as you can see here, again, to break that, a couple which is departed along with the sheep as it's sitting here.

215
00:24:25,240 --> 00:24:28,700
Some of the older ones also have. I want to go.

216
00:24:28,700 --> 00:24:35,950
Don Lemon extract journaled, got into the structure, the definitely children and Gornick goes down, which is the whole issue in that.

217
00:24:35,950 --> 00:24:41,860
Oh, sure. Don't we jus bear by. No. Understood.

218
00:24:41,860 --> 00:24:51,630
And he got some sort of. Some people memorials which aren't addicted aren't placed on a long dump.

219
00:24:51,630 --> 00:25:02,730
But he's not alone. Go, go, go to sites. As I said, the festoons any tools I see are mainly on budget diesel with Malaysia.

220
00:25:02,730 --> 00:25:15,230
And that's in Abidjan, celebrated by the good and all good marriages and get togethers and decision making when judges happen around that area.

221
00:25:15,230 --> 00:25:19,020
Here you can see, you know, Bujar for the candidate only.

222
00:25:19,020 --> 00:25:27,560
And if you look at the day to day religious activity, many tons of goetzman that are on the move that carry those that up,

223
00:25:27,560 --> 00:25:39,000
which are this metal blind's, which I've seen hits in the in the head to get order in small and as a small package wrapped in those, don't I.

224
00:25:39,000 --> 00:25:43,530
Anybody want to wash it to kind of bring it out and we'll it pretend all men do.

225
00:25:43,530 --> 00:25:48,390
Do we know, though, about bathroom Mama?

226
00:25:48,390 --> 00:25:53,670
We have lots of mobile veto ball veto, Bob, and so on.

227
00:25:53,670 --> 00:26:00,690
And then that started in Davies', which are also associated. Bottom lines are saved, which is very popular St.

228
00:26:00,690 --> 00:26:05,730
And decentred, there has been a seat in DVC which was featuring Baotou Mama.

229
00:26:05,730 --> 00:26:15,850
Let me borrow Mama Stroope. Is that actually OP's Jewish congregation offshoot from EDI's areas of this of Maharashtra?

230
00:26:15,850 --> 00:26:22,920
I'm going to go get that done. Good. And Dugal then goes to donate or contribute their goods.

231
00:26:22,920 --> 00:26:31,950
Ships dock food to the or do the troupe and this troupe actually of oh greiss all along.

232
00:26:31,950 --> 00:26:36,340
Maharashtrian is welcomed by farmers as well as 40 or 45.

233
00:26:36,340 --> 00:26:44,820
Most believed that it brings a lot of brings lot of fortune to them and also it fertilises their land.

234
00:26:44,820 --> 00:26:50,640
And it also acts as a backup mechanism or a bank, a gene pool bank, flawed manual.

235
00:26:50,640 --> 00:26:59,240
The time goes by in case of catastrophist. If you lose the sheep, that can be some stock that can be bought from by the momar.

236
00:26:59,240 --> 00:27:06,570
Tostada, though, those dog all again, right from scratch.

237
00:27:06,570 --> 00:27:12,930
So essentially, if you look at their lifestyle, it is a livestock, it editing is chosen as a livelihood.

238
00:27:12,930 --> 00:27:21,250
And one of the most important contribution that we can identify with, given that is conservation of the issue, which is the an indigenous sheep.

239
00:27:21,250 --> 00:27:26,690
What I did. And now this specialised sheep has a specialised requirement because it can.

240
00:27:26,690 --> 00:27:30,870
Well, you said why been ignoring flood conditions and flush feed and grazing?

241
00:27:30,870 --> 00:27:36,330
Well, options. And it cannot tolerate it hovering for an easy for.

242
00:27:36,330 --> 00:27:43,380
They do. This is, as the gentleman heard, all kinds considerable 150, 200 sheep's blood family.

243
00:27:43,380 --> 00:27:47,400
And it also has some mix to go to. What are these off lately?

244
00:27:47,400 --> 00:27:55,250
And we also know that the horse is very important, not that horse is not really defined, but it is already so short stage the horse,

245
00:27:55,250 --> 00:28:02,430
which is not going into it, and it will lead to on occasion and on or on specific corkage on duty.

246
00:28:02,430 --> 00:28:08,910
First, it wasn't during the migration. So that is a very sturdy horse which needs minimal upkeep.

247
00:28:08,910 --> 00:28:14,080
Then you have sheep dog as part of the herd domestic phone.

248
00:28:14,080 --> 00:28:21,840
Oh, I see. I mean, what do you do? I guess as you come across goats and buffaloes, the lady goes and buffaloes.

249
00:28:21,840 --> 00:28:25,400
But they do it to the moment for the drones.

250
00:28:25,400 --> 00:28:36,420
Nomadic dung. Good. And along with that, the biodiversity, the knowledge that God has is very useful in practising the kind of guy started this.

251
00:28:36,420 --> 00:28:44,460
And also in terms of finding the water sources, using them sustainably and scouting during the migration,

252
00:28:44,460 --> 00:28:51,000
putting the various products and services that we can derive from this lively port are listed here.

253
00:28:51,000 --> 00:28:57,600
She flew, of course, but recently there has been a sharp decline in the guide and often it does that it would get you.

254
00:28:57,600 --> 00:29:08,280
And now there are many times elfatih by well, inexperienced four oh oh oh, reviving the products will be vegetable based products.

255
00:29:08,280 --> 00:29:15,390
Youngie and one meat has been the single most so beneficial and profitable product that they had done.

256
00:29:15,390 --> 00:29:23,500
Those have today, especially in the light of the beet band that we see about and a kilo of young lambs media would fit.

257
00:29:23,500 --> 00:29:34,170
You add on 350 to 400 rupees. So if you instead of food grown cheap auto female candidate, the PRISE is going to raise from eight thousand to 16000.

258
00:29:34,170 --> 00:29:39,600
So you have kind of a walking gap which can be liquidated at any time which is available.

259
00:29:39,600 --> 00:29:47,070
Apart from that sheep manual, which was, you know, which was a big production before animals use it.

260
00:29:47,070 --> 00:29:50,430
Agriculture has sharply declined to what it used.

261
00:29:50,430 --> 00:29:58,380
And other products like cheap milk, which is going to give everybody medicine, are used and consumed as domestically.

262
00:29:58,380 --> 00:30:05,460
Follow me. Also gone, you and goats and other products are available to this sort of livelihood.

263
00:30:05,460 --> 00:30:11,730
But one major function that is back home and that is, of course, a traditional grassland management.

264
00:30:11,730 --> 00:30:17,080
And it is a new very, very insightful to from them.

265
00:30:17,080 --> 00:30:21,060
How did how did Bush do that grass landscape and how did he manage it?

266
00:30:21,060 --> 00:30:30,480
Based on this is Naledi to make sure that the Sky Duty's sources in Gossner and that sustained over time, especially in terms of water and glasses.

267
00:30:30,480 --> 00:30:36,300
This is just what people forget. Israel must take on and build indigenous and exotic what it is, they're not associated.

268
00:30:36,300 --> 00:30:45,930
You can see the dairy and looking at the sheep is exclusively a men's domain that if you look at the hall says it is,

269
00:30:45,930 --> 00:30:52,110
then the is a lot better in handling the horses and looking after them even during migration

270
00:30:52,110 --> 00:30:58,380
one comes up because that the well she focussed full goal of Lorqess taken by the good men,

271
00:30:58,380 --> 00:31:12,690
whereas the woman follow with all the other livestock and the entire house which has been installed on the horse the horse backs.

272
00:31:12,690 --> 00:31:17,760
Do you want to conclude styling? Yes, I just give me two, three minutes.

273
00:31:17,760 --> 00:31:23,200
I will need some time. I didn't skip some example which I was going to talk about.

274
00:31:23,200 --> 00:31:28,240
Well, OK. He ordered there was no major condition at my age.

275
00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:32,320
This will be a wildlife sanctuary that we kind of study or tried to study.

276
00:31:32,320 --> 00:31:39,000
It does. And Judy, conservation does, Gene. And there were already direct Wilen gone chicks.

277
00:31:39,000 --> 00:31:43,920
Well, between this. I know, though, people are the migrants and the photos department.

278
00:31:43,920 --> 00:31:48,200
And there were wild attacks as well because know that a.D.A is a guard.

279
00:31:48,200 --> 00:31:59,090
Don't know Doleman with though population that have moved up, the Neville gruffy to all crossing 40 percent.

280
00:31:59,090 --> 00:32:06,130
And did we actually blew through this study that it is.

281
00:32:06,130 --> 00:32:10,390
Though it's one of my left eye injuries in this area that knocked my beautiful grassland,

282
00:32:10,390 --> 00:32:14,130
my life as well as well done good population and mutual fragmentation of resources.

283
00:32:14,130 --> 00:32:20,560
And we have a couple of recommendations regarding the seasonal migration that we see.

284
00:32:20,560 --> 00:32:24,810
Then got I've just put out those seasonally.

285
00:32:24,810 --> 00:32:33,180
Duban, when it happens on what are the months when they might have travelled, Disembody dumped or dependent's with Follman is very important here.

286
00:32:33,180 --> 00:32:38,400
Very sheep manure, meat, wool is exchanged for shelter, water and grains.

287
00:32:38,400 --> 00:32:45,360
And this actually season migration ensures and guarantees ecological well-being as well as the like new security for them.

288
00:32:45,360 --> 00:32:51,750
However, this drought transmigration has actually come under severe pressure because of all sorts of things,

289
00:32:51,750 --> 00:33:01,000
including private land ownership, fencing, profit casualties, erosion of those symbiotic relationship with farmers on the migration route,

290
00:33:01,000 --> 00:33:05,320
the replacement of sheep manure with chemical fertilisers, changes in called crop back.

291
00:33:05,320 --> 00:33:13,230
Unless you look, it's down for the entire youth. And and he doesn't make the entire ranchlands very, very one little bit.

292
00:33:13,230 --> 00:33:16,390
And vigário shop or bakeries in the grassland forwarder.

293
00:33:16,390 --> 00:33:27,900
And climate change has also contributed to the stresses that are being so much that has made the loss of food due to data taken in fall patterns.

294
00:33:27,900 --> 00:33:35,220
So here are just some photographs of that. And you can see that there are no fence lines, which is actually destroying the good movement.

295
00:33:35,220 --> 00:33:41,820
So in conclusion, I would like to talk about the challenges faced by this transhuman lifestyle.

296
00:33:41,820 --> 00:33:52,020
When you then see is that the optimum was something like a consulate, seasonal migration, which ensured broader ecological and economic stability.

297
00:33:52,020 --> 00:33:55,340
But the disturbance on this actually stood out.

298
00:33:55,340 --> 00:34:02,650
No opportunities, no opportunistic migration patterns, contract sheep farming, land, less labour.

299
00:34:02,650 --> 00:34:09,450
Ultimately, the exodus to the cities of the sheep trading is entirely lost.

300
00:34:09,450 --> 00:34:13,260
And Yeosu Oz. Obviously, that is another change.

301
00:34:13,260 --> 00:34:17,820
Well, on the other side, where I grew up, I saw a lifestyle shift in True Life is Out Orbit's,

302
00:34:17,820 --> 00:34:21,070
which also puts a lot of pressure on the ecological security.

303
00:34:21,070 --> 00:34:33,150
And I got to go to a capital intensive agriculture, at least two more economic lack of economic security in music export, ecological exploitation.

304
00:34:33,150 --> 00:34:41,910
So in this study, I concluded that we had a stall at local general buyable to the local stations of with the landscape.

305
00:34:41,910 --> 00:34:51,450
And it wasn't really viable. That adaptation of lifestyle to grassland ecosystems can be seen and they v.c that.

306
00:34:51,450 --> 00:34:55,890
The community shared ecological niche with WAFL love the grassland.

307
00:34:55,890 --> 00:35:01,230
This practise is economically viable profession, in spite of all the stresses that I mentioned, did not,

308
00:35:01,230 --> 00:35:07,140
and if successful in harnessing and utilising the grasslands lost without any external support.

309
00:35:07,140 --> 00:35:14,340
How would that all issues and concerns about social justice education had an agenda forward which O'Gorman wants to tackle them

310
00:35:14,340 --> 00:35:22,050
for permanently absence of an organisation of grazing and access to the single most point which needs to be highlighted here.

311
00:35:22,050 --> 00:35:30,150
We have been here about time. Oh, it is innovation, but we do not yet know about the grazing and access right reservations which is leading,

312
00:35:30,150 --> 00:35:37,320
driving them to a displacement, loss of livelihood so communities and threatens their long term ecological security of this area.

313
00:35:37,320 --> 00:35:42,320
So you say, Judy, we see that Gook's ecosystem people haven't gone to France.

314
00:35:42,320 --> 00:35:48,660
I have been changing from the kings of the land to accommodate refugees.

315
00:35:48,660 --> 00:35:52,830
And so, of course, I will be conducting my study here.

316
00:35:52,830 --> 00:35:58,520
I conclude my paper and it is open for discussion. Thank you.

317
00:35:58,520 --> 00:36:09,020
Thanks. Thank you. Plus, a sort of Sumit Guha has asked a question and Professor, I'm Thompson and Frank on.

318
00:36:09,020 --> 00:36:13,080
Do you want me to do them, Charlie? Yes.

319
00:36:13,080 --> 00:36:19,110
You can see the. Undestroyed system of.

320
00:36:19,110 --> 00:36:25,770
You can see them and just. OK. So I said so it's been I used to lead student groups in milking money out,

321
00:36:25,770 --> 00:36:32,100
walking from Congress on Longhorn along migrants, Shefford, goats, lokos, good day.

322
00:36:32,100 --> 00:36:39,610
Tribes often wanted backpedalled permanent schools and water transport because of the hardships of traditional life.

323
00:36:39,610 --> 00:36:45,390
That then goes you started assess their own quality of life and think of the natives.

324
00:36:45,390 --> 00:36:52,220
No, I've got that has been locked up for aspirations in the new generations, in many areas.

325
00:36:52,220 --> 00:37:03,170
What again then? Oh, any sort of indeed reservations have not assured them for an alternative lifestyle or livelihood is what I've seen.

326
00:37:03,170 --> 00:37:06,900
I mean, my friend and their friend, my dog and I talk to him.

327
00:37:06,900 --> 00:37:14,860
He get it is to flows one son. And he began his study geared and one a job for proper sector job.

328
00:37:14,860 --> 00:37:22,880
But. But because of the dearth of the or any service available.

329
00:37:22,880 --> 00:37:33,770
My dad took a decision of not getting his other children and then trained them for the lifestyle, which was more then got a nomadic lifestyle.

330
00:37:33,770 --> 00:37:38,390
But it was profitable in terms of economics. So there has been a lot of pressure.

331
00:37:38,390 --> 00:37:42,330
Of course, there are aspirations and there is a pool that one season.

332
00:37:42,330 --> 00:37:49,940
The guy that I am sure doesn't love Exodus as well as the adoption lawsuit and realised that it is just wrong.

333
00:37:49,940 --> 00:37:56,600
This aspirations definitely. This is a very hard lifestyle and can be practised by certain people.

334
00:37:56,600 --> 00:38:08,120
But it does end of them goes essentially down 62 or selling, although she fuoco adopting an entirely different lifestyle.

335
00:38:08,120 --> 00:38:12,800
So it might be good for the economic aspiration,

336
00:38:12,800 --> 00:38:22,050
but in terms of ecological security or that it might have some problems do that, it would definitely be problematic.

337
00:38:22,050 --> 00:38:29,060
Precisely. And such for around jailhouses question, you aren't connected with doctors, Frank Continents question.

338
00:38:29,060 --> 00:38:38,930
I just read both of them for want of time and asks, do you have a plan to map historical migration routes of done goods in modern times?

339
00:38:38,930 --> 00:38:42,200
What kinds of evidence can you find? Oral histories.

340
00:38:42,200 --> 00:38:48,260
What do you think of ducal of these theory which you mentioned about the microliters tracks and the connected

341
00:38:48,260 --> 00:38:55,400
question from Frank on the news funding off funding on an Ferdowsi's question regarding vehicle assembly?

342
00:38:55,400 --> 00:38:59,540
I recall he also invoked the rainy season, dry season migration's to die.

343
00:38:59,540 --> 00:39:00,290
You're a pretty good image.

344
00:39:00,290 --> 00:39:09,620
Tricks to fund our food, at least Adak is an impression I got from the conversation with him in 1966, just before his death.

345
00:39:09,620 --> 00:39:14,570
I would bet on sitting on a no man's question.

346
00:39:14,570 --> 00:39:25,280
Of course I do. I do now. The route. But those will be based mainly on the oral histories and memory of the Rutelli practising done.

347
00:39:25,280 --> 00:39:31,000
Nobody goes as often, though, so it may not go back to, well, many centuries.

348
00:39:31,000 --> 00:39:39,920
Although I do definitely go back to five to six generations. As far as I can remember, I mean, I've read data equals understanding.

349
00:39:39,920 --> 00:39:44,990
Oh my goodness. Did blacks and I mean even sighting them in the paper that I adored.

350
00:39:44,990 --> 00:39:47,520
But I do not agree with him.

351
00:39:47,520 --> 00:39:58,890
To me, I do not agree that the Garside have direct connexions to don't like reality blacks because then has he has been pretty selective in it.

352
00:39:58,890 --> 00:40:08,430
And I would actually suggest to you that you read that you did not wish you did not less good Egloff equals IBSA walks.

353
00:40:08,430 --> 00:40:14,690
Although Popi and Potanin Sediq Maharastra that these are you B.W. are Piccolo's she has published.

354
00:40:14,690 --> 00:40:17,690
Maybe I can shade it could do so actually.

355
00:40:17,690 --> 00:40:26,840
The result is pretty upset as we see and we also see many of the states has been discarded by oh that they can go to.

356
00:40:26,840 --> 00:40:33,830
Scholars have been studying Dupre's started gulches in Desiderio. So what I think the study is needed.

357
00:40:33,830 --> 00:40:38,330
I know that. I don't think that we can totally discarded that.

358
00:40:38,330 --> 00:40:45,080
Also, the same thing about this annual pilgrimage to Ponet border connecting and due to the rainy

359
00:40:45,080 --> 00:40:51,920
season and dry season migrations is something I don't see a direct connexion to that,

360
00:40:51,920 --> 00:41:03,350
because most of the things that are done by the people going as lot goodies happen have many agriculturist who are do the be in any in unshattered,

361
00:41:03,350 --> 00:41:08,420
then go to a shadow body and also duty season.

362
00:41:08,420 --> 00:41:15,240
We have got the sticky issue, which is that on the farm we get a little more rational, more done under the migration.

363
00:41:15,240 --> 00:41:23,390
Who that one goes into the seasons as such. So one needs to really find more connexions and direct evidences.

364
00:41:23,390 --> 00:41:30,710
It's a fascinating. This is of course, I mean is probably the last great one from justice.

365
00:41:30,710 --> 00:41:34,400
This go. This is great photos. Reminds me of the storm.

366
00:41:34,400 --> 00:41:41,700
So it goes. We have got these lined up on the newborn lambs, so they kept each other warm during the night, he adds.

367
00:41:41,700 --> 00:41:45,480
And so if horses now would not ridden to. Back.

368
00:41:45,480 --> 00:41:55,650
How did they get you back? Do they have donkeys as well? And finally, he says, traditionally shepherds bone dry grasses to encourage new growth.

369
00:41:55,650 --> 00:42:07,020
Does this didn't happen? See, for it, I learns of central India, for India, and it is hotter than knocking it in.

370
00:42:07,020 --> 00:42:11,100
But they do not have donkeys. Are actually loading that thing on the wall.

371
00:42:11,100 --> 00:42:17,010
And this report is specifically designed to date at least 50, 200 years of wheat.

372
00:42:17,010 --> 00:42:24,990
And actually, I did not cheque. But I have an entire diagram of how the luggage is loaded and how much capacities are there.

373
00:42:24,990 --> 00:42:31,560
And then ready without even choosing the horses we just go to for this sort of work.

374
00:42:31,560 --> 00:42:37,410
And then at certain got it does from which you can or just throw your hands on

375
00:42:37,410 --> 00:42:42,080
the horse and which happens in the markets where the horse is out of sorts,

376
00:42:42,080 --> 00:42:53,790
such as I don't get out. There are some hot markets and some news out of the region and so on last month.

377
00:42:53,790 --> 00:43:06,240
I what you're saying, some half of the grasslands that we saw are extreme decimated and we just flat out not one by them.

378
00:43:06,240 --> 00:43:15,930
As I came across in my field. Look, but if you go to the Western Gartside, as you come to the village where he looted and rises, that ABC,

379
00:43:15,930 --> 00:43:24,990
that has been a jeep, that the firebombing is used to make sure that the dried introduced by jism scrubby Tony Forest grow.

380
00:43:24,990 --> 00:43:30,000
Go grow good grass like grasses.

381
00:43:30,000 --> 00:43:38,890
I've got speciate right now. Right now is the time. February, March is a time when you bond crisis and ravage isoprene species.

382
00:43:38,890 --> 00:43:45,240
But also, if it is done outdoors more than in doubles, it causes a used in a nation.

383
00:43:45,240 --> 00:43:49,770
Although you still didn't hands off. Well, he agrees.

384
00:43:49,770 --> 00:43:58,110
So that is a practise that I've seen along the Western dogs rather than in the central monastery.

385
00:43:58,110 --> 00:44:03,210
And last quick one from one motive uncut. Who says I do have you will do visitors.

386
00:44:03,210 --> 00:44:07,260
The work done by agit arctica then goes madeon beetles.

387
00:44:07,260 --> 00:44:12,510
And a new input's. No, I still have to complete that will properly.

388
00:44:12,510 --> 00:44:15,990
I don't have anything to go into provisos. But I will do that maybe later.

389
00:44:15,990 --> 00:44:18,037
Sometime. Yes.