1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:11,820 So now here we go for our first panellist, which is Mr. Walton Brown Jr. his book is Bermuda and The Struggle for Reform, Race, Politics and Ideology. 2 00:00:11,820 --> 00:00:19,860 1944 The 1998 Mr Brown is a member of Parliament, PubMed Central and the Shadow Minister for Immigration and External Affairs. 3 00:00:19,860 --> 00:00:25,350 He is a radio host and journalist and former chairman of the College Board of Governors. 4 00:00:25,350 --> 00:00:34,560 His book is a study of the quest for social reform and the. It starts with to promote a Ruckus Association, the first organisation combining economic, 5 00:00:34,560 --> 00:00:40,260 social and political struggles, and which sought to transform the media for the betterment of its people. 6 00:00:40,260 --> 00:00:43,770 It ends with the 1998 election of the Progressive Labour Party. 7 00:00:43,770 --> 00:00:51,760 The party formed in 1963 to carry on with the agenda for social and political reform. 8 00:00:51,760 --> 00:00:57,790 His book reveals a number of themes the insertion of race into the fabric of modern Bermuda, 9 00:00:57,790 --> 00:01:03,130 the successful use of ideology by the dominant elite to hold onto power, 10 00:01:03,130 --> 00:01:08,770 and the limited role played by the former political process in affecting change. 11 00:01:08,770 --> 00:01:16,260 It is. It does continue. You think everyone? I'm actually going to read from the first chapter. 12 00:01:16,260 --> 00:01:22,230 And such called a racially structured capital. 13 00:01:22,230 --> 00:01:29,810 Clearly, the point of departure for comprehending the relations between blacks and whites is slavery. 14 00:01:29,810 --> 00:01:36,140 We're going to stay in close contact with your sleep in the same area. 15 00:01:36,140 --> 00:01:45,200 You also want a little to go. I'm going labour and plenty of economists out of this, 16 00:01:45,200 --> 00:01:53,570 but about develop a highly paternalistic slave society that will continue to have some of the American. 17 00:01:53,570 --> 00:01:58,760 American historian Eugene Genovese magnum opus on slavery in the United States. 18 00:01:58,760 --> 00:02:06,750 We're glad you're in the room offers us some insight, some very important insights into the meaning of paternalism. 19 00:02:06,750 --> 00:02:13,470 Televisa begins by arguing that in particular, photorealism developed in the old south, 20 00:02:13,470 --> 00:02:24,320 one characterised most importantly by the central IT class released these racism as an important undercurrent on the court. 21 00:02:24,320 --> 00:02:33,250 Tunnel, furthermore, has little to do with kind heartedness or benevolence, Genovese. 22 00:02:33,250 --> 00:02:43,170 Paternalism grew out of the necessity to discipline and morally justify its system of exploitation. 23 00:02:43,170 --> 00:02:51,140 It, of course, kindness and affection. But it's time tends to encourage cruelty and hatred. 24 00:02:51,140 --> 00:03:01,410 The racial distinction between master and slave heighten the tension already inherent in an unjust social and. 25 00:03:01,410 --> 00:03:08,270 In a reading context, slavery can be seen primarily as an economic system. 26 00:03:08,270 --> 00:03:13,140 Designed to better exploit this weapon with. 27 00:03:13,140 --> 00:03:25,830 Tournament matched with the racism was the other natural occurrence that was implemented to justify the degradation of people of African descent. 28 00:03:25,830 --> 00:03:33,830 The effect that this system of fatalities and blacks was considerable amongst long last. 29 00:03:33,830 --> 00:03:43,330 Paternalism inhibited the creation of unit on the enslaved, either as blacks or as working people as well. 30 00:03:43,330 --> 00:03:52,690 Paternalism exists and undermines solidarity amongst the oppressed by linking them as individuals to their presence. 31 00:03:52,690 --> 00:03:57,400 This recognition of a powerful, paternalistic structure, therefore, 32 00:03:57,400 --> 00:04:06,520 allows us to comprehend why so many of the staff of barristers and the planned escape, if nothing. 33 00:04:06,520 --> 00:04:12,790 Primarily because one of more important Americans. 34 00:04:12,790 --> 00:04:23,160 So despite the errors of cultural autonomy the slaves had managed to create for themselves and protection from it and stories. 35 00:04:23,160 --> 00:04:32,430 The historical baggage that by paternalism has the Bentley and the three generations after them only get a mile. 36 00:04:32,430 --> 00:04:37,260 But individual strength they have generally. 37 00:04:37,260 --> 00:04:51,340 The intersection of communism with racism weren't a catastrophe because the transport elements of personal dependence into collective weakness. 38 00:04:51,340 --> 00:05:05,150 This collective blacks were meant white quitting, and they had almost a free hand in reorganising society and pension guarantee continued in Germany. 39 00:05:05,150 --> 00:05:18,300 The old. On the political front, this was achieved by that time to deny plan and to prevent them from being elected. 40 00:05:18,300 --> 00:05:23,610 Legislation came because of increasing the lack of qualification for voting. 41 00:05:23,610 --> 00:05:28,270 After all this one, you have the right to vote for a member of Parliament. 42 00:05:28,270 --> 00:05:38,580 What has been done properly assessed and no less than what I recall about 40 home as was previously the case. 43 00:05:38,580 --> 00:05:47,140 Why does a member of Parliament want to earn property that even the 400 top 200? 44 00:05:47,140 --> 00:05:56,960 What is class justified this by claiming that most blacks back sufficient education, we're not suited responsibility. 45 00:05:56,960 --> 00:06:03,460 And that's a franchise them immediately would only create social disruption. 46 00:06:03,460 --> 00:06:13,210 You know, the RICO to take that off was to gradually flex until they had reached an acceptable level of political maturity. 47 00:06:13,210 --> 00:06:23,900 Only then could they be entrusted. The General Office undersecretary, James Stephens explains, I quote. 48 00:06:23,900 --> 00:06:30,220 It seems to me that this is a grievance. It's time to address. 49 00:06:30,220 --> 00:06:39,190 And that there may be a more general and safe and allowance for the actual supremacy of the white whale. 50 00:06:39,190 --> 00:06:47,350 So the legal extinction of and to the from made by degrees rather than with salmon by email. 51 00:06:47,350 --> 00:06:55,480 Nothing. Allowing white supremacy for a while will continue, will continue unabated. 52 00:06:55,480 --> 00:07:06,140 But under the second half century. Then what some dance beneath the armour of White Elite Group. 53 00:07:06,140 --> 00:07:18,640 The political exclusion of blacks was supplemented by an attempt to limit their influence to immigration and population policies. 54 00:07:18,640 --> 00:07:25,830 Once emancipation was imminent. Wife for meetings to get the blacks to leave the island. 55 00:07:25,830 --> 00:07:35,690 I was able to freedom. In a typical letter to the local, they were than a typical adult to look at daily. 56 00:07:35,690 --> 00:07:44,830 One way to recommend that the blacks obtain a loan from the British government so that they might allow spare time 57 00:07:44,830 --> 00:07:54,860 so that I quote because I think there was little or no room for them here to exercise their talent and industry. 58 00:07:54,860 --> 00:08:01,830 When it became clear that blacks were not leaving it, Bill was tabled upon 1942. 59 00:08:01,830 --> 00:08:08,360 I quote during course immigrants coming to the U.S. from the United Kingdom. 60 00:08:08,360 --> 00:08:19,640 With this legislation, some initiatives have helped to shift the racial balance beam of light by persuading Englishmen of several European. 61 00:08:19,640 --> 00:08:27,650 Efforts to limit the size of the black population are a recurring characteristic of racial extraction from. 62 00:08:27,650 --> 00:08:39,660 But the state and local cabinet forced to go the best in joining the strikes with the violence at the turn of the 20th century after a long period. 63 00:08:39,660 --> 00:08:45,400 The intention was always to persuade them to leave, not. 64 00:08:45,400 --> 00:08:53,700 By the Wildlife Authority state. During debates in the House in 1921, for example. 65 00:08:53,700 --> 00:09:01,060 The sentiment amongst most politicians, what's a West Indians were generally undesirable. 66 00:09:01,060 --> 00:09:09,340 This is a group of thoughtful white men. Look at some of the work that is to say. 67 00:09:09,340 --> 00:09:14,370 Knew their places in the home and were willing to do good, honest work. 68 00:09:14,370 --> 00:09:18,990 But the vast majority simply women's. 69 00:09:18,990 --> 00:09:29,880 And therefore continue to restrict rest in the Marine. And they provide a nice version of the British colonial practise, but I don't rule. 70 00:09:29,880 --> 00:09:38,010 There is just a carefully orchestrated campaign to run a race between Black Obama and. 71 00:09:38,010 --> 00:09:52,190 I am from the. West Indian labour activity in the 1920s, the longshoremen engaged in repeated struggles with. 72 00:09:52,190 --> 00:10:04,220 Recharging the battery with the first inkling overnight is just one consequence for refusing to allow for the rest in. 73 00:10:04,220 --> 00:10:12,500 Another look at the NAACP acknowledgement. One company actually advertised that. 74 00:10:12,500 --> 00:10:21,290 The product pricing put labour is geared to an autumn in autumn summer. 75 00:10:21,290 --> 00:10:31,680 However, it does help with testing the concept, the formula to do it better than the hotheads rabble rousers probably have. 76 00:10:31,680 --> 00:10:38,100 That they should declare and patients will get further ahead, stirring up trouble. 77 00:10:38,100 --> 00:10:48,250 Fabulous workers. The death penalty, but the continued success of this paternalism was further entrenched black market, 78 00:10:48,250 --> 00:10:57,530 the mobilisation for another 20 year purpose class and racial consciousness which challenged. 79 00:10:57,530 --> 00:11:13,660 But let me conclude this deal in 1944. With information of the Bermuda versus let led notice by a heading. 80 00:11:13,660 --> 00:11:19,940 100 years after another patient and accepted no significant strides toward equality. 81 00:11:19,940 --> 00:11:25,560 Frustrated as they were by the racism that permeated civil society. 82 00:11:25,560 --> 00:11:32,540 Working in government departments, I just my. Many retail stores hired. 83 00:11:32,540 --> 00:11:41,760 There were seven schools that were forced to sit in the Baptist Church and specially designated booths in Central. 84 00:11:41,760 --> 00:11:43,370 A number of restaurants, 85 00:11:43,370 --> 00:11:55,460 does it serve next and hotel discriminated against blacks and Jews by asking families to be photographed and edited by that name? 86 00:11:55,460 --> 00:12:17,424 Well. A 1944 Quercus press began to conceive of yourself as a player, a man wanted to develop race consciousness and image of the black.